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Pharm Terms ch11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Pandemic | events of epidemic proportion that spread across human populations |
| Bioterrorism | intentional use of infectious agents to cause widespread harm |
| Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) | designed to deploy essential medical materials to a community in the event of a large chemical or biologic attack |
| Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) | after threat has been more clearly identified, meds are sent based on the chemical or biologic agent |
| Anthrax | caused by a bacteria and affects humans and animals by open wound, contaminated food, or inhalation |
| Vaccine | causes body to make protective antibodies preventing the onset of disease and symptoms |
| Nerve Agents | toxic chemical that is most significant - causes convulsions and loss of consciousness within seconds and resp failure within minutes |
| Ionizing radiation | radioisotopes created by nuclear explosion |
| Acute radiation syndrome | radiation sickness causing weight loss, anorexia, fatigue, and bone marrow suppression. - at risk for leukemia |
| Basic supportive care | first elements of toxicity treatment |
| Syrup of ipecac | induces vomiting |
| Activated charcoal | carbon-based molecules absorb to this and minimize absorption |
| Whole-bowel irrigation | considered for toxic ingestion of sustained-release or enteric-coated drugs |
| Specific antidotes | counter effects of poisons |
| acetylcysteine (Acetadote) | antidote for Acetaminophen (nonopioid analgesic) |
| atropine sulfate | antidote for Acetylcholine, cholinergic receptor agents, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors |
| calcium EDTA (Calcium Disodium Versenate) | antidote for lead toxicity |
| deferoxamine (Desferal) | antidote for iron toxicity |
| digoxin immune Fab (Digibind) | antidote for Digoxin |
| dimercaprol (BAL in Oil) | antidote for arsensic, gold and mercury toxicity |
| flumazenil (Romazicon) | antidote for Benzodiazepines |
| fomepizole (Antizole) | antidote for Ethylene glycol toxicity (antifreeze poisoning) |
| glucagon | Antidote for insulin |
| leucovorin (Wellcovorin) | antidote for Methotrexate, folic acid blocking agents |
| naloxone (Narcan) | antidote for opioids agents, morphine |
| neostigmine (Prostigmin) | antidote for neuromuscular blocking agents |
| penetrate calcium trisodium & penetrate zinc trisodium | antidote for radioactive exposure |
| penicillamine (Cuprimine, Depen) | antidote for copper, iron, lead, arsenic, gold, and mercury toxicity |
| pysotigmine (Antrillium) | antidote for cholinergic blocking agents, atropine sulfate |
| potassium iodide | antidote for radioactive exposure, nuclear bomb |
| protamine sulfate | antidote for heparin |
| prussian blue (Radiogardase) | antidote for radioactive cesium-137 |
| succimer (Chemet) | antidote for lead, mercury, and arsenic toxicity |
| vitamin K | antidote for Coumadin, warfarin (anticoagulant) |
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