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Psych vocab Oct 2016
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Neuron | nerve cells |
| Dendrite | branch off the nerve cell where other cells receive impulses |
| Axon | thread like part of the cell that sends a revives impulses throughout the body |
| Axon terminal | connecting point of the nerve cells |
| Action potential | the change of election potential |
| Resting potential | amount of energy when not stimulated or in the passage of impulse |
| All-or-none principle | strength of a response of a nerve cell or muscle fiber is not dependent upon the strength of the stimulus |
| Synapse | a meeting point between two nerve cells |
| Neurotransmitter | a chemical substance that is released at the end of a nerve fiber by the arrival of a nerve impulse and, by diffusing across the synapse or junction, causes the transfer of the impulse to another nerve fiber, a muscle fiber, or some other structure |
| Sensory nerves | carries sensory information toward the central nervous system |
| Interneurons | a neuron that transmits impulses between other neurons, especially as part of a reflex arc |
| Antagonist | a muscle whose action counteracts that of another specified muscle. |
| Agonist | a muscle whose contraction moves a part of the body directly. |
| Central nervous system (CNS) | the complex of nerve tissues that controls the activities of the body. In vertebrates it comprises the brain and spinal cord |
| Peripheral nervous system (PNS) | consists of the nerves and ganglia on the outside of the brain and spinal cord. |
| Somatic nervous system | peripheral nervous system associated with skeletal muscle voluntary control of body movements. |
| Autonomic nervous system | the part of the nervous system responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive processes. |
| Sympathetic division | one of the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system, the other being the parasympathetic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system functions to regulate the body's unconscious actions. |
| Parasympathetic division | A division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), along with the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and enteric nervous system |
| Endocrine system | Refers to the collection of glands of an organism that secrete hormones directly into the circulatory system to be carried towards distant target organs. |
| 21. Hormone | a regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action |
| Pituitary gland | the major endocrine gland. A pea-sized body attached to the base of the brain, the pituitary is important in controlling growth and development and the functioning of the other endocrine glands. |
| Nervous system | the network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body. |
| Soma | the parts of an organism other than the reproductive cells. The body as distinct from the soul, mind, or psyche. |
| Myelin sheath | A fatty white substance that surrounds the axon of some nerve cells, forming an electrically insulating layer. |
| Refractory period | a period immediately following stimulation during which a nerve or muscle is unresponsive to further stimulation. |
Created by:
eileenaboyle
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