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Psych vocab Oct 2016

TermDefinition
Neuron nerve cells
Dendrite branch off the nerve cell where other cells receive impulses
Axon thread like part of the cell that sends a revives impulses throughout the body
Axon terminal connecting point of the nerve cells
Action potential the change of election potential
Resting potential amount of energy when not stimulated or in the passage of impulse
All-or-none principle strength of a response of a nerve cell or muscle fiber is not dependent upon the strength of the stimulus
Synapse a meeting point between two nerve cells
Neurotransmitter a chemical substance that is released at the end of a nerve fiber by the arrival of a nerve impulse and, by diffusing across the synapse or junction, causes the transfer of the impulse to another nerve fiber, a muscle fiber, or some other structure
Sensory nerves carries sensory information toward the central nervous system
Interneurons a neuron that transmits impulses between other neurons, especially as part of a reflex arc
Antagonist a muscle whose action counteracts that of another specified muscle.
Agonist a muscle whose contraction moves a part of the body directly.
Central nervous system (CNS) the complex of nerve tissues that controls the activities of the body. In vertebrates it comprises the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of the nerves and ganglia on the outside of the brain and spinal cord.
Somatic nervous system peripheral nervous system associated with skeletal muscle voluntary control of body movements.
Autonomic nervous system the part of the nervous system responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive processes.
Sympathetic division one of the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system, the other being the parasympathetic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system functions to regulate the body's unconscious actions.
Parasympathetic division A division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), along with the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and enteric nervous system
Endocrine system Refers to the collection of glands of an organism that secrete hormones directly into the circulatory system to be carried towards distant target organs.
21. Hormone a regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action
Pituitary gland the major endocrine gland. A pea-sized body attached to the base of the brain, the pituitary is important in controlling growth and development and the functioning of the other endocrine glands.
Nervous system the network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.
Soma the parts of an organism other than the reproductive cells. The body as distinct from the soul, mind, or psyche.
Myelin sheath A fatty white substance that surrounds the axon of some nerve cells, forming an electrically insulating layer.
Refractory period a period immediately following stimulation during which a nerve or muscle is unresponsive to further stimulation.
Created by: eileenaboyle
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