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PSY Chapt. 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Memory | Process by which we encode, store, and retrieve info |
| What r the 3 stages of remembering? | Encoding, Storage, & Retrieval |
| Sensory Memory | Operates as a kind of snapshot that stores info. 4 a brief moment in time. (1 sec) (Lasts only an instant.) |
| Two kinds of sensory memory | Iconic Memory & Echoic Memory |
| Iconic Memory | Reflects info. from the VISUAL syst. |
| Echoic memory | Stores auditory info. coming from EARS. |
| Sensory memory | 1st stage of the 3 stages of memory |
| The 2 parts of declarative memory are | episodic and semantic |
| Amnesia memory loss | occurs w/out other mental difficulties |
| Schemas | Organized bodies of info stored in memory that bias the way new info is: Interpreted, Stored, & Recalled |
| Working memory (/short-term) | Memory syst. that holds info for a short time while actively rehearsing that info |
| Rehearsal | Repetition of info that has entered short-term memory |
| Explicit memory | Involves intent - intentional or conscious recollection of info |
| Interference occurs when: | The instructor keeps talking as you are trying to write down what she just said |
| Recognition | The retrieval cue that involves seeing a stimulus and determining if that stimulus has been seen before |
| Proactive interference | Info learned EARLIER disrupts the recall of newer material - progresses in time |
| Retroactive interference | Material that was learned LATER disrupts the retrieval of info that was learned EARLEIR - retrogresses in time |
| Encoding | The initial process of encoding information in a form usable to memory |
| Reconstructed memory | |
| Decay | loss of info through nonuse |
| Rehearsal increases the: | length of time that info can be held in short-term memory |
| The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is a failure of: | Retrieval |
| Semantic Networks | An organizational tool in long-term memory that stores material in mental clusters of interconnected info |
| Keyword technique | Involves linking things that you know with things that you want to learn |
| Implicit memory | Memories of which people are not consciously aware |
| Anterograde amnesia | memory is lost for events that follow an injury |
| Retrograde amnesia | memory is lost for occurrences prior to a certain event |
| What is the name of the specific process in which long-term memories become represented by complex neural pathways? | Consolidation |
| Priming | Exposure to a word or concept later makes it easier to recall related info |
| Hippocampus | Located below the cortex and important for the consolidation of memory - organizing memories then passing on to cerebral cortex |
| Amygdala | Involved with memories involving emotion (vivid emotion, feelings,) |
| Consolidation | Memories become fixed and stable in long-term memory - they're organized and filed in the long-term memory |
| Cultural differences can be seen in | the way info is acquired and rehearsed |
| Eyewitness accounts | can be inaccurate because of the wording of questions |
| According to the levels of processing theory, we are most likely to remember things if we consider | what they mean. |
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ilovebasketball