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Types of Climates
For Weiler's Class 2016-17
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Climate | The weather prevailing in one area in general or over a long period |
Arid | Without moisture; dry |
Desert | Arid region;sparse vegetation is supported |
Example of a desert | Sahara desert in North Africa |
Tundra | Vast, level, treeless plains of the arctic regions of Europe, Asia, and North America |
Taiga | Sub-arctic, evergreen coniferous forest of northern Eurasia located south of the tundra |
Example of a taiga | Russian taiga, other taigas near northern Canada and Eurasia |
Steppe | Extensive plain without trees |
Example of a steppe | Mongolian steppes, other steppes located through mid Eurasia in Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and China |
Tropical | Very hot and humid |
Mediterranean | Hot, dry, summers; mild, rainy winters |
Humid | Containing a high amount of water vapor |
Example of Tundra | Greenland/ Located at north and south extremes of globe |
Example of Tropical/Humid | Amazon Rainforest in Ecuador- middle between tropics |
Example of Meditteranean | Perth-Western Australia (40 degrees latitude) |
Gerhardus Mercator | German geographer who made a flat map in 1569- he expanded the areas near the poles |
Conformal Map | Shows correct shapes but not true distances or sizes |
Cartographer | Map maker |
Equal Area map | Shows correct sizes of landmasses, but distorted shapes |
The Peters Projection Map | An equal area map |
Interrupted Projection Map | Shows size and shape of land correctly by creating gaps in the picture of the world (looks like a peeled orange) |
Arthur Robinson's Projection Map | Shows the size and shapes of most land accurately and National Geographic adopted it as the official standard of the world map in 1988 |
Latitude | 0 degrees at the equator and 90 at north and south poles- goes across in horizontal slices |
Longitude | Resembles orange slices with lines meeting at the poles- 0 degrees at prime meridian |
Chronometer | A clock that measures the speed you are traveling and the time you've been traveling at sea to determine longitude |
Greenwich Mean Time | "Zero time" in the world which other time zones are built in relation to |
T-O Style Map | Medieval map with Jerusalem in the center |
Paleontology | Science of studying life by fossil remains |
Ethnocentrism | The belief in the superiority of your culture over others |
Archaeology | Science of studying past human life through artifacts |
Artifact | Product of human workmanship |
Class textbook | "Heritage of World Civilizations" |
South- up map orientation | Map with southern landmasses on top (upside-down) |