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DEFINE BASEMENT MEMBRANE?
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DEFINE BLACK HAIRY TONGUE?
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CHAP 9 ORAL MUCOSA
ANATOMY HIST CHAP9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| DEFINE BASEMENT MEMBRANE? | extra cellular material consisting of a basal and reticular lamina produced by the epithelium and connective tissue respectively |
| DEFINE BLACK HAIRY TONGUE? | tongue lesion marked by buildup of a thick layer of dead cells and keratin that becomes extrinsically stained |
| DEFINE CAPILLARY BLOOD PLEXUS? | groups of capillaries between the papillary layer and the deeper layers of the lamina propria |
| DEFINE CONNECTIVE TISSUE PAPILLA? | extensions of loose connective tissue into the epithelium as they appear on histological section |
| DEFINE COLLAGEN FIBERS? | MAIN protein fiber type found in the body |
| DEFINE ELASTIC FIBERS? | type of protein fiber in connective tissue composed of microfilaments |
| DEFINE FIBROBLAST? | cell that synthesizes certain types of protein fibers and intercellular substance |
| DEFINE FORDYCE’S SPOTS? | small YELLOWISH elevations on the MUCOSA resulting from deeper deposits of SEBUM from trapped or misplaced sebaceous glands |
| DEFINE GEOGRAPHIC TONGUE? | LESION that spears as RED then paler PINK to WHITE PATCHES on the BODY of the TONGUE and changes shape with time |
| DEFINE GRADULATION TISSUE? | IMMATURE connective tissue formed during INITIAL REPAIR |
| DEFINE HYPERKERATINIZED? | EPITHELIAL tissue with EXCESSIVE production of keratin |
| DEFINE KERATIN? | type of INTERMEDIATE PROTEIN FILAMENT that is FOUND in CALLOUSED EPITHELIAL tissue and CONSISTS of an OPAQUE WATERPROOF substance |
| DEFINE KERATOHYALINE GRANUALS? | prominent granules in the CYTOPLASM of certain EPITHELIAL cells that FORM chemical PRECURSOR for the KERATIN |
| DEFINE LAMINA PROPRIA? | CONNECTIVE tissue proper region of ORAL MUCOSA |
| DEFINE BASAL LAYER? | SINGLE layer of CUBODIAL epithelial cells overlying the BASEMENT MEMBRANE |
| DEFINE DENSE LAYER CONNECTIVE TISSUE? | DEEPEST layers of the DERMIS or LAMINA PROPIA |
| DEFINE GRANULAR LAYER? | layer SUPERFICIAL to the PRICKLE layer in some forms of KERANTINIZED epithelium |
| DEFINE INTERMEDIATE LAYER? | layer of epithelium SUPERFICIAL to the BASAL layer in NONKERANTINIZED epithelium |
| DEFINE PRICKLE LAYER? | layer that is SUPERFICIAL to the BASAL LAYER in KERANTINIZED epithelium |
| DEFINE SUPERFICIAL LAYER? | MOST SUPERFICIAL layer in NONKERANTINIZED epithelium |
| DEFINE LINGUAL PAPILLAE? | small ELEVATED STRUCTURES of SPECIALIZED MUCOSA on the TONGUE |
| DEFINE MELANIN PIGMENTATION? | LOCALIZED macules of PIGMENTATION cause by the presence of MELANIN |
| DEFINE MUCOGINGIVAL JUNCTION? | LINE of demarcation BETWEEN the ATTACHED GINGIVA and ALVEOLAE MUCOSA |
| DEFINE MUCOPERIOSTEUM? | LOOSE CONNECTIVE tissue acting as a PERIOSTEUM to the UNDERLYING BONE |
| DEFINE MUCOSA? | mucous membrane lining |
| DEFINE MASTICATORY MUCOSA? | mucosa associated with KERATINIZED STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS epithelium |
| DEFINE ORAL MUCOSA? | mucosa or MUCOUS MEMBRANE lining the ORAL CAVITY |
| DEFINE SPECIALIZED MUCOSA? | mucosa found on the DORSAL and LATERAL surfaces of the TONGUE in the FORM of LINGUAL PAPILLAE |
| DEFINE NONKERANTINIZED STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM? | epithelium in the SUPERFICIAL layers on LINING MUCOSA |
| DEFINE ORTHOKERANTINIZED STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM? | KERATINIZED epithelial tissue that demonstrates keratinization of the epithelial cells throughout its most superficial layers |
| DEFINE PARAKERATINIZED(along side) STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EMITHELIUM? | KERANTINIZED epithelium associated with the MASTICATORY mucosa of the ATTACHED GINGIVA. May be an IMMATURE form of ORTHOKERATINIZED epithelium |
| DEFINE SQUAMES? | FLATTENED plate-like epithelial cells |
| DEFINE STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM? | epithelium that consists of 2 or MORE LAYERS |
| DEFINE STRIPPLING? | PIN-POINT DEPRESSIONS on the surface of the ATTACHED GINGIVA |
| DEFINE SUBMUCOSA? | TISSUE DEEP to the ORAL mucosa, COMPOSED of LOOSE CONNECTIVE tissue |
| DEFINE TASTE BUDS? | BARREL-shaped ORGANS of taste associated with certain LINGUAL PAPILLAE of the tongue |
| DEFINE TASTE PORES? | OPENING in the MOST SUPERFICIAL portion of the TASTE BUD |
| DEFINE TURNOVER TIME? | time that it takes for NEWLY DIVIDED CELLS to be completely REPLACED throughout the ENTIRE TISSUE |
| DEFINE VON EBNER’S SALIVARY GLANDS? | serous type of MINOR salivary glands associated with the CIRCUMVALLATE LINGUAL PAPILLAE |
| WHAT 3 LAYERS does the NONkeratanized Epithelium (LINING mucosa) contain? | 1. Basal 2. Intermediate 3. Superficial layers |
| WHAT are the 3 types of ORAL MUCOSA | LINING, MASTICATORY, and SPECIALIZED |
| WHAT 6 REGIONS do you FIND LINING MUCOSA; WHERE a MOVABLE base is needed(speech, mastication, and swallowing)? | BUCCAL,LABIAL, ALVEOLAR, FLOOR OF THE MOUTH, VENTRAL SURFACE of the TONGUE, and SOFT PALATE |
| WHAT 3 REGIONS do you FIND MASTICATORY MUCOSA; WHERE A FIRM BASE is needed(mastication and speech)? | ATTACHED GINGIVA, HARD PALATE, DORSAL TONGUE SURFACE |
| WHAT ONE REGION do you FIND SPECIALIZED MUCOSA? | DORSAL TONGUE SURFACE |
| WHAT is the CLINICAL APPEARANCE of LINING MUCOSA? | softer surface texture, moist surface, ability to stretch(cheek) and be compressed, acting as a cushion |
| WHAT is the CLINICAL APPEARANCE of MASTICATORY mucosa? | Coral to pale pink, rubbery surface texture and resistant. Serves as a firm base. |
| WHAT is the CLINICAL APPEARANCE of SPECIALIZED mucosa? | Associated with LINGUAL PAPILLAE |
| What is the general MICROSCOPIC appearance (HISTOLOGY) of LINING mucosa? | NONKERANTINIZED epithelium with SMOOTH interface, FEW RETE ridges, CT papillae with ELASTIC fibers in the lamina propria and sub mucosa |
| What is the general MICROSCOPIC appearance (HISTOLOGY) of MASTICATORY mucosa? | KERANTINIZED epithelium and interdigitated interface with MANY RETE ridges and CT papillae with THIN layer of sub mucosa or none |
| What is the general MICROSCOPIC appearance (HISTOLOGY) of SPECIALIZED mucosa? | DISCRETE structures of epithelium and LAMINA PROPRIA |
| WHAT are the 3 TYPES stratified squamous EPITHELIUM of ORAL MUCOSA? | 1. NONkeratinized 2. ORTHO keratinized 3. PARAkerantinized |
| WHAT 4 LAYERS does the ORTHOkerantanized Epithelium (MASTICATORY mucosa) contain? | 1. Basal 2. Prickle 3. Granular 4. Keratin Layers |
| The KERATIN LAYER in ORTHOKERANTANIZED epithelium contains what? | ONLY KERATIN |
| WHAT 4 LAYERS does the PARAkerantanized Epithelium (SPECIALIZED mucosa) contain? | 1. Basal 2. Prickle 3. Granular 4. Keratin |
| THE KERATIN LAYER IN PARADERATINIZED epithelium contain what? | KERATIN & NUCLEI |
| WHAT is the most COMMON for of epithelium in the ORAL CAVITY? | NONKERANTINIZED EPITHELIUM |
| For NONKERANTIZED stratified squamous epithlium, what are the 3 layers in order from outer (superficial) to inner (deepest)? | Superficial (larger stacked polyhedral shaped with outer cells flattening into squames, Intermediate(makes up bulk; Lg. stacked polyhedral-shaped cells), Basal (mitosis occurs here for epi cells; single-layger cubodial cells) |
| WHAT 3 LAYERS does the NONkeratanized Epithelium (LINING mucosa) contain? | 1. Basal 2. Intermediate 3. Superficial layers |
| WHAT is the LEAST COMMON epithelial cell? | ORTHOKERANTINIZED stratified squamous epithelium |
| What are the 4 layers of the ORTHOKERANTINIZED (MASTICATORY) epithelium from most SUPERFICIAL (outer) to DEEPEST (INNER)? | 1. KERATIN(squames w/keratin *no nuclei) 2. GRANULAR(granular cells w/keratohyaline granules) 3. PRICKLE 4. BASAL |
| The epithelial cells in the GRANUAL layer of the ORTHO appear how? And have what type of granuales in them? | they look FLAT and are stacked in a layer 3 to 5 cells thick; KERATOHYALINE granuales-chemical precursor for the keratin found in the more superficial cells |
| The PARAkerantinized cells(MASTICATORY) keratin layer differs how from the ORTHO cell layers? | KERATIN layer have NUCLEI and the GRANULAR layer may be absent |
| PARAkeratinization if one of the unique histological features of the healthy oral cavity because? | IF it is present on the skin, the skin will be considered in a disease state |
| OTHER names for 1. Basal 2. Prickle 3. Granular and 4. Keratinized cells? | 1. Stratum BASAL 2. Stratum SPINOSUM 3. Stratum GRANULOSUM 4. Stratum CORNEUM |
| WHAT can cause NONkerantinized epithelium transform into a KERANTINIZING type? What will it become? | FRICTIONAL or CHEMICAL TRAUMA (inside cheek where arches meet), its called HYPERKERANTINIZED |
| WHAT are the 5 types of CELLS in EPITHELIUM (MMLEG)? | 1. Melanocyte 2. Merkel cell 3. Langerhans cell 4. Epithelial cell 5. Granstein cell |
| What is the most COMMONLY occurring WHITE BLOOD cell in all forms of the oral mucosa? | POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE (PMN) |
| FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS of the MELANOCYE? | *dendritic dell of neural crest origin, forms a continuous network near the basement membrane; synthesis of melanin pigmentation with its transfer to adjacent cells |
| FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS of the MERKEL CELL? | *Neural cell noted near the basement membrane; SENSORY INFORMATION |
| FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS of the LANGERHANS CELL? | *dendritic BONE MARROW derived near the basement membrane; IMMUNE response with T lymphocytes |
| FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS of the EPITHELIAL CELL? | *rapidly renewing cell that undergoes a pathway of differentiation with desmosomes; forms a cohesive sheet that resists physical forces and serves as a barrier to infection |
| FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS of the GRANSTEIN CELL? | *similar to langerhans cell |
| ALL forms of EPITHELIUM have WHAT deep to the basement membrane? | LAMINA PROPRIA |
| WHAT are the two FIBER groups of LAMINA PROPRIA? | ELASTIC and COLLAGEN |
| LIKE ALL FORMS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE…the LAMINA PROPRIA has what two layers? WHICH is SUPERFICIAL? | 1. PAPILLARY layer (SUPERFICIAL) 2. DENSE layer |
| The PAPILLARY layer of the LAMINA PROPRIA is make up of WHAT? | Consists of LOOSE connective tissue WITHIN the CONNECTIVE tissue, along with blood vessels and nerve tissue. |
| WHAT lies between the PAPILLARY(SUPERFICIAL layer) and the DEEP layer? | CAPILLARY PLEXUS |
| WHAT does the CAPILLARY PLEXUS(MIDDLE of lamina propria) provide? | Nutrition for all mucosa and sends capillaries into the connective tissue papillae |
| WHAT does the DENSE layer of the LAMINA PROPRIA consist of? | DENSE CONNECTIVE tissue with LG amounts of FIBERS. May or may not have a sub mucosa |
| The LINING mucosa does not have WHAT that allows the tissue to stretch and recoil during speech mastication and swallowing? | DOES NOT have prominent CONNECTIVE tissue papillae and alternation rete ridges. ELASTIC fibers are in the papillary layer instead. |
| The MASTICATORY mucosa has WHAT to give it a FIRM BASE, which is NEEDED for SPEECH and MASTICATION? | NUMBEROUS and PROMINENT CONNECTIVE TISSUE PAPILLAE |
| WHAT is the APPEARANCE of the LABIAL and BUCCAL mucosa (LINING MUCOSA)? | Opaque pink, shiny moist. Areas of MELANIN pigmentation and FORDYCE’S Spots possible |
| WHAT KIND of epithelium does the LABIAL and BUCCAL (LINING) mucosa have? | THICK NONKERANTINIZED |
| DESCRIBE the LAMINA PROPRIA of the LABIA and BUCCAL mucosa (LINING)? | Irregular and blunt CT papillae, some elastic fibers, extensive vascular supply |
| DESCRIBE the SUBMUCOSA of the LABIA and BUCCAL mucosa (LINING)? | present with adipose(FAT) and minor salivary glands, with firm attachment to muscle |
| WHAT is the APPEARANCE of the ALVEOLAR mucosa (LINING)? | REDDISH-PINK, shiny, moist, EXTREMELY mobile |
| WHAT KIND of epithelium does the ALVEOLAR MUCOSA (LINING) have? | THIN NONKERANTINIZED |
| DESCRIBE the LAMINA PROPRIA of the ALVEOLAR mucosa (LINING)? | CT papillae sometimes absent, many elastic fibers, with extensive vascular supply |
| DESCRIBE the SUBMUCOSA of the ALVEOLAR mucosa (LINING)? | Present with minor salivary glands and many elastic fibers, with loose attachment to muscle or bone |
| WHAT is the APPEARANCE of the FLOOR of MOUTH and VENTRAL TONGUE SURFACE (LINING)? | REDDISH pink, moist shiny, COMPRESSIBLE, w. VASCULAR BLUE AREAS, mobility varies |
| WHAT kind of EPITHELIUM does the FLOOR OF MOUTH and VENTRAL TONGUE SURFACE have? | EXTREMELY THIN NONKERANTINIZED |
| DESCRIBE the LAMINA PROPRIA for the FLOOR of the mouth and VENTRAL TONGUE SURFACE? | EXTENSIVE vascular supply. FLOOR: broad CT papillae VENTRAL: numerous CT papillae, some elastic fibers, minor salivary glands |
| DESCRIBE the SUBMUCOSA for the FLOOR OF MOUTH AND VENTRAL TONGUE SURFACE? | PRESENT. FL: adipose w/submandibular and sublingual glands. Loosely attach. To bone/muscles VEN: extremely thin and firmly attached to muscle |
| WHAT is the APPEARANCE of the SOFT PALATE (LINING)? | Deep pink with a YELLOW hue, moist, compressible and EXTREMELY ELASTIC |
| What KIND of Epithelium does the SOFT PALATE have (LINING)? | THIN NONKERANTINIZED |
| DESCRIBE the LAMINA PROPRIA for the SOFT PALATE? | Extremely thin with adipose tissue and minor salivary glands, with a firm attachment to underlying muscle |
| WHAT is the APPEARANCE of ATTACHED GINGIVA (MASTICATORY)? | Opaque pink, dull, firm, and immobile. With areas of melanin pigmentation possible with varying amounts of stippling |
| WHAT kind of Epithelium does the ATTACTED GIVGIVA (MASTICATORY) have? | THICK KERATINIZED (mainly PARAKERATINIZED, some ORTHR) |
| DESCRIBE the LAMINA PROPRIA of the SOFT PALATE (MASTICATORY)? | TALL, narrow CT papillae, extensive vascular supply and serves as a mucoperiosteum to bone |
| IS there a SUBMUCOSA present in ATTACHED GINGIVA (MASTICATORY)? | NO |
| WHAT is the APPEARANCE of the HARD PALATE (MASTICATORY)? | PINK, immobile, and firm medial portion, with rugae and raphe. Cushioned lateral portions |
| WHAT KIND of EPITHELIUM does the HARD PALATE (MASTICATORY) have? | THICK ORTHOkerantinized |
| DESCRIBE the LAMINA PROPRIA of the HARD PALATE (MASTICATORY)? | MEDIAL portion; Rugae and raphe serving as a mucoperiosteum to bone |
| DESCRIBE the SUBMUCOSA of the HARD PALATE (MASTICATORY)? | Present ONLY in lateral portions, with Anterior part having adipose and Posterior part having minor salivary glands. ABSENT in MEDIAL portion, rugue and raphe |
Created by:
jason1460