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EDL 800
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Research | The formal, systematic application of scholarship, disciplined inquiry, and most often the scientific method to the study of problems. |
| Basic Research (or science) | Pure sciences are those that explain the most basic objects and forces, relationships between them, and laws governing them. |
| Applied Research (or science) | Practical science that apply specific knowledge from basic science in a physical environment. |
| Exploratory Research | It is often conducted in new areas of inquiry, where the goals of research are: to scope out the extent of a particular phenomenon, problem or behavior, generate some initial ideas, or to test the feasibility of undertaking a more extensive study. |
| Scientific Reasoning | The use of inductive or deductive data without fallacies to reach a proven conclusion. |
| Hypothesis | A tentative , testable assertion regarding the occurrence of certain behaviors, phenomena, or events; a prediction of study outcomes. |
| Problem Statement | A statement that indicates the specific purpose of the research, the variables of interest to the researcher, and any specific relationship between those variable that is investigated; includes description of background and rationale for the study. |
| Research Questions | Descriptive - Opinion Polls to describe the people Relational - Looking at relationships between two or more variables. Causal - Looking at when one variable effects one or more outcome variables. |
| Methodology | The process in which a study is done. (Research Design) It is focused on specific way -the methods- that we can use to try to understand our world better. |
| Quantitative Research | Research in which the investigator attempts to clarify phenomena through carefully designed and controlled data collection and analysis. |
| Qualitative Research | Research in which the investigator attempts to study naturally occurring phenomena in all their complexity. |
| Theory (or theoretical) | Social research based on developing, exploring or testing ideas about how the world operates. |
| Empirical | Based on observable evidence. |
| Study | Not all studies have hypothesis. Sometimes it is designed to be exploratory. |
| Variable | A characteristic that can assume any one of several values, for example, cognitive ability, height, aptitude, teaching method. |
| Independent Variable | A variable that affects (or is presumed to affect) the dependent variable under study and is included in the research design so that its effect can be determined. Sometimes called experimental or treatment variable. It is what you or nature manipulate. |
| Dependent Variable | A variable affected or expected to affected by the independent variable; all called the criterion or outcome variable. |
| Unit of Analysis | The unit that is used in data analysis (individuals, objects, groups, classrooms, etc.) |
| Validity | The degree to which correct inferences can be made based on results from an instrument; depends not only on the instrument itself but also on the instrumentation process and the characteristics of the group studied. |
| Causality (or Causal) | That most social research in interested in looking at the cause-effect relationship |
| Deduction | The researcher is to test concepts and patterns known from theory using new empirical data. |
| Induction | The process of drawing conclusions based on facts or observed evidence. A study that is designed to be exploratory. There is no formal hypothesis. The researcher is to in fore theoretical concepts and patterns from observed data. |
Created by:
Munson
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