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Unit 1 Science
Newton's First Law
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Distance | How far you have traveled two positions, positive direction, scalar quantity |
| Displacement | Change in position, straight line, distance between your starting position and ending position, equal to final position minus anitial position, positive or negative, vector quantity |
| Scalar | Quantity that only requires magnitude |
| Vector | Quantity that requires both magnitude and directions |
| Speed | How fast something is moving, it is equal to distance divided by time, it is a vector quantity |
| Velocity | Rate at which position changes,it is equal to displacement divided by time, it is a vector quantity |
| Newton's First Law | Also called Law of Inertia, an object at rest will stay in rest and an object in motion will stay in motion with the same speed and direction unless acted upon an object with an unbalanced force |
| Mass | A measure of amount of matter an object contains, also a measurement of the amount of inertia an object has |
| Inertia | The resistance an object has in it's motion |
| Force | Any push or pull that can cause an change in motion |
| Net Force | Combination of all the forces on an object |
| Balanced Forces | When the net force in both the horizontal and vertical directions is 0 N, these cause motion to remain unchanged |
| Unbalanced Forces | When the net force in both the horizontal and vertical directions is not 0 N, these cause motion to change |
| Gravitational Forces | A non-contact force between two objects that is most apparent close to a large object, such as a planet, the direction of the force is general towards the center of the other object, Eg towards the center of the earth |
| Applied Force | Support force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another stable object, in the direction of a push or pull |
| Normal Force | Contact force that is exerted by a surface against an object pressing against the surface, it is perpendicular to the surface and present wherever atoms are being "crunched" |
| Tension Force | Contact force exerted by a taut string, rope, or wire on an object, it it along the rope and present wherever the rope is taut |
| Friction Force | Force exerted by a surface as an object moves across it or makes an effort to move across it, parallel to the surface in the direction opposite of the motion or attempted motion |
| Air Resistance | Special type of frictional force that acts upon objects as they travel through the air/ fluid, opposite direction than the object in motion |
| Spring Force | Contact force exerted on an object by a spring or elastic object when it is stretched or compressed, along the spring in a direction that would restore the spring/ elastic material to it's relaxed form |
| Thrust | Contact force that is exerted in the opposite direction of an exhaust gas being expelled |
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20075
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