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Earthquakes

TermDefinition
Earthquake Vibrations in the earth caused by the sudden release of energy usually as a result of the movement of rocks along a fault
Crust The earths outer layer
Fault A fracture in bed rock
Mantle The part of the earth between the crust and the core.
lithosphere The rigid outer part of the earth consisting the of the crust and up mantle.
Seismologist someone who studies earthquakes and seismic waves.
Convergent When two plates collide(crash) into each other.
Divergent When two plates move away from each other
Transform When two plates slide past each other
Subduction At the sides of the convection current
Convection
P-wave Causes buildings to contract and expand
S-wave Shakes building from side to side
Surface wave Shakes building violently
Focus The point beneath earths surface at which rock under stress breaks and triggers and earthquake
epicenter The point on the surface directly above the point at which and earthquake occurs
Mercalli scale rates the earthquake using steps 1-12
Ricter scale measures magnitude
Moment magnitude scale Estimates the total energy
Magnitude energy from an earthquake
Liquefaction occurs when an earthquakes violent shaking suddenly turns loose, soft soil into liquid mud
aftershock an earthquake that occurs after a large earthquake centered in the same area
Seismology Study of earthquakes
Seismograph A machine used to measure earthquakes
Compression The type of stress that pushes rock together
Tension The type a stress that stretches the rock
Plateau a large area of flat land elevated high above sea level
Shearing The type of stress that pushes rock in 2 different directions
Normal Fault The hanging wall slips downward below the foot wall
Reverse fault The hanging wall slides up and over the foot wall
Created by: 1964112972
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