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Exam2- china
China & East Asian Historical Geography
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Dynasties of China | 1. Shang (Yin)1a. Zhou Dynasty2. Qin (Chin)3.Han Dynasty4.Sui Dynasty5. Tang Dynasty6. Song Dynasty7. Yuan Dynasty(Mongols)8. Ming Dynasty9. Manchu Dynasty |
| 1.Shang Dynasty1a. | 1770 BC to 1120 BC1a. 1120 BC to 221 BC |
| Qin (Chin) Dynasty | -221 to 207 BC-move Chinese influence southward toward Chang Jiang and Xi Rivers-established bureaucratic system for governing China |
| Han Dynasty | -207 BC to 220 AD- brought unity and stability and enlarged Chinese sphere of influence of Korea, Mongolia, Xinjiang, and SE Asia-silk trade to Europe-The people of the Han |
| Successive Dynasties-Sui Dynasty-Tang Dynasty | -581 to 618 AD-618 to 907 AD |
| Song Dynasty | -960-1279 AD-Great Empire-world's most advance state at time |
| Yuan Dynasty (Mongols) | - 1279 to 1368-Nomadic people for the North-Kublai Khan and Ghengis Khan-Empire from Korea to Eastern Europe-Marco Polo |
| Ming Dynasty | -1368 to 1644-Restored Chinese rule-became mose powerful state ever in China's history-Artistic and Scientific achievement |
| Manchu (Qing) Dynasty | -1644 to 1911-last and largest dynasty-Manchus (Manchuria)-Mongols & Manchurians adopted Chinese culture & civilization |
| Collapse of the Manchus | A. Opium Trade-England traded Opium in China--hurt Chinese Society-First Opium War 1839 to 1842 *China tried to stop Opium Trade |
| Spheres of Influence in China & Quasicolonization in China | -Hong Kong--British-Shangdong Province--Germans-Indochina--France-Northeast--Russia-Macao--Portugal-Korea & Taiwan--Japan |
| Russo-Japan War | -1904-Russia fought Japan over influence in North Pacific & Northeast China |
| Boxer Rebellion | -1910-Chinese rebellion against foreigners-believed bullets didn't hurt them-rebellions led by Mystics-1911--Manchu Dynasty overthrown by Sun Yatsen |
| Warlordism | -1920s-China broke-up into smaller states run by military governors/warlords-1912--Sun Yat-sen quit President in Bejing to form government in Canton(Guangzhou) * Two forces in China |
| KMT- (Kuomintang) | -nationalists-led by Sun Yat-sen formed a government in Canton *died in 1925 *Chiang Kai-Shek becomes leader |
| Communist Party | -founded in 1921 in Shanghai |
| Chaing Kai-Sek | -leader of nationalist party-captured Bejing in 1928 -made Nanking (Nanjing) the capital of China |
| The Long March | -communist march into inferior from 1934 to 1935-Led by Mao Zedong & Deng Xiaoping-KMT tried to destroy them |
| War with Japan | -1937 to 1945-Japan invaded and fought the nationalists-Chiang Kai-Sek was leader of China-Japan captured Northern and Eastern China |
| Chinese Civil War | -1945 to 1949-Nationalists had one of world's largest and best equipped armies *still lost |
| WHY- Nationalists lost Civil War | 1. war with Japan weakened2. lost public support3. mishandled economy--rapid inflation4. lost major battles--many died |
| People's Republic of China | -September 1949- Chiang Kai-Shek & army fled to Taiwan *December 1949 |
| Communist Dynasty | -Immediately began transforming China * Agricultural Reform * Second Industrialization |
| (PRC) People's Republic of China | -CCP & PLA-population~ 1.3 billion-most live in East-offically Atheist-Mandarin Chinese |
| Ethnicity- China | -1.3 billion-92% Han Chinese-8% ethnic minorities |
| Religions- China | -Atheist-Christians~3-4%-Muslim, Buddhists, Taoists~2%-Churches are sanctioned by government-Buddhism~influenced by Confucianism & Taoism= traditional religion of China-Roman Catholic Churches are ILLEGAL |
| Languages- China | -Mandarin*based on Bejing dialect *offical language *other dialects: Cantonese & Shanghaiese |
| Taiwan | -were the Nationalists fled to in 1949-Republic of China (ROC) |
| Fulun Dafa/Fulun Gong Movement | -outlawed-founded by Li Hongzhi-meditation technique done for relaxation, spiritual peace, enlightenment *health, fitness, wisdom-declared illegal in 1999 after 10000 people peacefully demonstrated against government harassment |
| Mao Zedong | -led China from 1949 to 1976 |
| Government controlled cities- China | 1. Bejing (Peking) capital2.Tianjin--Port City of Bejing3.Shanghai largest city of China |
| Autonomous Regions (AR)- China | 1. Nei Mongol AR2. Ningxia Hui AR3. Xingjiang Uygur AR4. Guangxi Zhuang AR5. Xizang AR (Tibet) *areas of Han Chinese migration |
| Regional- China | -Eastern Lowlands-Chang Basin-Chang Jiang (Yangtze) River-Nanjing-Wuhan-Grand Canal-Yangtze Delta-North China Plain-Sichuan Basin |
| Chang Basin-China | -Chang Jiang River-navigable for Ocean going vessels to Nanjing & Wuhan-other large ships to Chonqqing in Sichuan Basin-Grand Canal--link Yangtze to rice & wheat production in North |
| Shanghai-China | -former British Treaty Port City-Yangtze Delta~ Hinterland of 50 million people & industrial complex |
| North China Plain | -cooler temperatures-wheat-soybeans-corn-fruit-vegetables-Bejing & Tianjin |
| Shaanxi & Sichuan-China | -Sichuan Basin~population cluster-City of Xian in Shaanxi-coal & oil preserves |
| The South- China | -Guangdong Province-city of Guangzhou (Canton)-economic growth & ethnic minorities |
| Northeast- China | -home of Manchus-Japanese Civilization-Called Northeast for geopolitical reasons-Japanese call~Manchukuo-Pu Yi"Last emperor"~ emperor of Manchukuo-Colonization 1931 to 1932 & 1945-Japan industrialized the region-Railroads & Factories |
| Northeast- China CONTINUED | -1950s to 1970s it led China in industrialization (Natural Resources) |
| Inner Mongolia (Nei Mongolia) AR | -transition zone-Mongols are minorities in own AR-5 million Mongols-10 million Non-Mongols-China sent people to make more Chinese |
| Xinjiang Uygur (Sinkiang) AR | -Northwest region-Ethnic Groups *Turkic & Non-Turkic *Tajiks *Uygurs *Kazakhs *Kyrgyz-Chinese Muslims- Frontier region of China- Space & Nuclear Weapons Program |
| Xizang (Tibet) AR | -Chinese Colony-Different culture & different ethnic group-China invaded during 1950s after war-1958 China brutally suppressed Tibetans-Tibetans~ Buddhists-Dalai Lama~in exile-feudal society organized around monasteries who paid allegiance~ DL |
| Population- China | -BR~2.1 to avoid decline-BR~2.1-5 for growth-BR~5-over is explosive-Birthrate 13/1000-Pop. Growth~0.57%-1979~ One couple/ one child policy-mid 80s was relaxed in rural areas to 2 children |
Created by:
MindyAnn
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