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sci test
science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the 3 major parts and the overall function of the circ. system? | 1.heart -to deliver blood to different 2.blood vessels--parts of the body. a group of 3. blood---------tissues working together |
| what is a pulse | a surge of blood pumped to an artery in a single heartbeat |
| what is a pulse rate | number of times the heart beats in one minute |
| how does being overweight affect pulse rate | heart has to do more work, work harder-extra weight |
| how can recovery rate be used to tell how healthy the heart is? | short recovery-good health-can get back to normal speed faster |
| why is it necasary for the heart to be double sided? | one side pumps oxygenated blood, one side pumps deoxygenated blood. |
| why is it important for the heart to have valves and coronary arteries? | valves-prevent blood from flowing backward into atria coronary arteries-serve cardiac muscle tissue; provide the heart itself with oxygen, nutrients and carries away co2 |
| what is the importance of the pacemaker | generates wave like contractions in r atrium- special cardiac m tissue- for heart to pump to, atria, ventricles, atria ventricles...etc |
| why is it important for the heart to be composed of cardiac muscle tissue? | if it were sk. muscle we would always have to be concsious of contractions- would die when we sleep. smooth musc. still needs a nerve message, it isnt auto contracting like cardiac |
| what are the main parts of heart? | r atrium, r ventricle-pump deoxygenated b 2 lungs, l atrium l ventricle- pump oxygenated blood to body, vena cava, aorta, pulmonary vein, pulmnary artery |
| describe the pathway of a blood cell from the l atrium and back. use o to show oxygenated blood and d to show deoxygenated blood. | l atrium o, l ventricle o, aorta o, sm arteries o, capillaries o-->d, sm veins d, vena cavae d, r atrium d, r ventricle d, pulmonary artery d, sm arteries d, capillaries d-->o, sm veins o, pumonary vein o, left atrium |
| explain where and how gas exchange occurs in body tissues | in capillaries, oxygen and nutrients diffuse through the membranes of rbcs, through the walls of caps, and into body cells. Carbon dioxide, the waste product if cellular respiration diffuses out of cells, through caps, and into rbcs |
| explain where and how gas exchange occurs in the lungs | deoxygenated blood in small arteries enters cappilaries in the lungs. co2 diffuses out of the blood, and it picks up oxygen, then heads back to the veins leading to the left atrium. |
| What is the lub dub of the heart?how/where can we hear it? | the valves shutting in heart. can hear it near the heart, through a stethescope and checking pulse rate |
| what's a murmur? | a murmur is when av valves dont shut completely and a little blood flows back into an atrium |
| why do arteries need thick walls | to stand the pressure of the l ventricle contracting |
| why do veins need thinner walls than arteries? why do they have valves? | valves- far from v's, not getting big enough push for blood, dont want it to flow backward. walls- b/c they need a push for blood to flow,they need to be able to be squeezed by skeletal muscle tissue |
| why is it important for rbcs to travel single file through caps? why are the walls so thin? | single file- diffusion needs time to take place, if tons of blood cells were flying by nothing could ever be diffused properly. walls- the walls are thin because co2, oxy, and glucose need to be able 2 cross the membrane |
| what do systolic and diastolic bp tell us? | sys=top, dia=bottom. sys= pressure put on an artery when l ventricles contracting. dia= pressure on artery when l ventricle is relaxed |
| what are some factors which can affect a persons bp? | stand, sit, sleep, relax |
| what can you do to help maintain a healthy heart? | exercise, try not to eat fatty foods, don't smoke, relax |
| what are the parts of blood? | plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets. |
| what is the function of rbcs? reate structure to function. what is the importance of hemoglobin | func=carrying oxygen and co2. struc= depressions, round, filled w/hemoglobin, no nucleus. relate= no nuc.=more space for carrying gasses, depressions=more space for gasses to diffuse in. slightly flexibles allows to move though caps. hem=oxy magnet |
| what is the function of platelets? | platelets are part of cell membranes. they help blood clot. |
| what is the function of wbcs? | phagocytes=big eaters. engulf and destroy pathogens b cells- create antibodies to match pathogen t cells- identify pathogen |
| what are the compnents of plasma and their jobs | water-provides liquid for flow nutrients(fat, glucose, amino acids, carbs)-cell function enzymes-control chemical reactions antibodies-label pathogens for destruction hormones- chemical messages |
| affected by shock- | blood pools in cappilaries or major loss of blood-fainting, other body parts aren't getting oxygen and nutrients-can't function, |
| affected by stroke- | blood vessel to brain becomes blocked or destroyed, leaving a part of brain w/out oxy+nutrients |
| affected by heart attack- | cholesteral in blood hardens into a plaque IN THE WALLS of the heart. plaque ruptures breaking vessel or grows so big opening is blocked |
| affected by high bp- | more blood-heart has to pump harder-might be form smoking, salt, not exercising, eating excessive fats-fat circulating in blood-can clog vessels |
| affected by leukemia- | wbcs are deformed so can't fight off disease |
| affected by anemia- | not enough rbcs- must carr more gasses- blood be pumped faster- overwork heart |
| arteriosclerosis | arteries become clogged and oxygen cant get to certain body parts |
| affected by hemophilia- | not enough platelets or deformed clotting factors so blood can't clot- bleeding problems |
Created by:
jlesnick
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