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Chapter 1

Geography

TermDefinition
Geography the study of the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these, including the distribution of populations and resources, land use, and industries.
Character of a place include land forms, bodies of water, climate, soils, natural vegetation, and animal life.
Absolute location A point on the earth's surface expressed by a coordinate system such as latitude and longitude.
GIS geographical information system (GIS) is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of spatial or geographical data.
Hemisphere half of the terrestrial globe or celestial sphere, especially one of the halves into which the earth is divided.
Relative Location a point or place in relation to another point or place
Perception the state of being or process of becoming aware of something through the senses.
Relief the difference in elevation between parts of the Earth's surface
Formal Region area inhabited by people who have one or more traits in common (language, religion,system of a livelihood) Used for spatial differences
Functional Region Area organized to function politically, socially, and economically as one unit
Perceptual Region An area defined by subjective perceptions that reflect the feelings & images about key place characteristics.
Mantle the mostly-solid bulk of Earth’s interior
Weathering the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on Earths surface.
Mechanical Weathering any of the various weathering processes that cause physical disintegration of exposed rock without any change in the chemical
Acid Rain precipitation, as rain, snow, or sleet, containing relatively high concentrations of acid-forming chemicals
Core the very hot, very dense center of our planet.
Climates The meteorological conditions, including temperature, precipitation, and wind, that characteristically prevail in a region.
Chemical Weathering any of the various weathering processes that cause exposed rock to undergo chemical decomposition
Lithosphere the solid portion of the earth
Erosion the process by which the surface of the earth is worn away by the action of water, glaciers, winds, waves, etc
Ecosystems a system, or a group of interconnected elements, formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their environment.
Atmosphere the gaseous envelope surrounding the earth; the air.
Hydrosphere the water on or surrounding the surface of the globe, including the water of the oceans and the water in the atmosphere.
Sediment mineral or organic matter deposited by water, air, or ice.
Biosphere the part of the earth's crust, waters, and atmosphere that supports life.
Continent one of the main landmasses of the globe, usually reckoned as seven in number (Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Australia, and Antarctica).
Glacier an extended mass of ice formed from snow falling and accumulating over the years and moving very slowly
Loess a loamy deposit formed by wind, usually yellowish and calcareous, common in the Mississippi Valley and in Europe and Asia.
Plate Tectonics a theory explaining the structure of the earth's crust and many associated phenomena as resulting from the interaction of rigid lithospheric plates that move slowly over the underlying mantle.
Continental Drift the lateral movement of continents resulting from the motion of crustal plates.
Theory Ring of Fire a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur.
Moraine a ridge, mound, or irregular mass of unstratified glacial drift, chiefly boulders, gravel, sand, and clay
Created by: lindseysalata22
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