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Social Psyc

Kaplan

QuestionAnswer
Aronson, E. & Linda, D. Proposed Gain-loss principle (an evaluation that changes will have more effect than an evaluation that remains constant)
Norman Triplett Fist SP study
Asch, S. Studied conformity by asking subjects to compare the lengths of lines
Bem, Deryl Developed Self-perception theory as an alternative to cognitive dissonance theory-people infer what their attitudes are based on their behaivors
Clark, K. & Clark, M. Performed study on doll preferenes in African Am children; the results were used in the 1954 Brown vs. the Topeka Board of Edu Supreme Court Case
Darley, J. & Latane, B. Proposed that there were two factors that could lead to non helping: social influence & diffusion of responsibility
Eagly, A. Suggested that gender differences in conformity were not due to gender, per se, but to differing social roles
Festinger, Leon Developed cognitive dissonance theory; also developed social comparison theory. W/ Carlsmith, spoon experiment-Minimal Justification Effect
Hall, E. Studied norms for interpersonal distance in interpersonal interactions
Heider, Fritz Developed balance theory to explain why attitudes change; also developed attribution theory and divided attributions into 2 cats, dispositional and situational
Hovland, Carl Studied attitude Change-Expert and non sources, sleeper effect
Janis, I. Developed the concept of groupthink to explain how group decision making can sometimes go awry
Lerner, M. proposed concept of belief in a just world
Lewin, K. Divided leadership styles into 3 cats: autocratic, democratic, & laissez-faire
Mcguire, William Studied how psychological inoculation could help people resist persuasion
Milgram, S. Studied obedience by asking sbjects to administer electroshock; also proposed stimulus-overload theory explain differences btw city and country dwellers
Newcomb, T Studied political norms
Petty, R. & Cacioppo J. Developed elaboration likelihood model of persuasion (central and peripheral routes to persuasion)
Schachter, Stanley Studied relationship btw anxiety and the need for affiliation-if anxious about it they'll change, if others are anxious they won't change, they'll feel comfortable
Sherif, M. Used autokinetic effect to study conformity; also performed Robber's Cave experiment and found that having superordinate goals increased intergroup cooperation
Zajonc, R. Studied the mere exposure effect; also resolved problems with the social facilitation effect by suggesting that the presence of others enhances the emission of dominant responses and impairs the emission of nondominant responses
Zimbardo, P. Performed prison simulation and used concept of deindividuation to explain results
William McDougal (psyc) & E.H. Ross (soci) Both wrote the first SP text books
Social Exchange theory We try to increase rewards and decrease loss of interacting with someone
Equity theory We want equitable amount of rewards and costs in our relationships with others as we are receiving from those relationships.
Created by: greggk2013
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