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TLHS Phy Sci #4

Chemical Bonds

TermDefinition
chemical bond force that holds atoms together in a compound
chemical formula shows the exact number of element that form a specific compound. Number is written as a subscript.
covalent bond type of bond made when atoms share electrons
ion a charged atom that has lost or gained electrons. Shown as a superscript
ionic bond bond made between oppositely charged ions, the resulting compound is neutral
molecule formed when atoms share electrons
nonpolar bond bond between atoms that are equally sharing electrons
nonpolar molecule molecule (that shares electrons) with no charge
polar bond bond between atoms that are NOT equally sharing electrons
polar molecule molecule (that shares electrons) with a charge
diatomic molecule molecule made of two atoms of the same element
binary compound compound formed by only two elements. The prefix bi- means two
oxidation number indicates number of electrons gained or lost or shared by an element. Shown as a number with a + or - charge above element symbol
polyatomic ions ions formed by the covalent bonding of elements
compound made of two or more elements bonded together to form a substance with properties different from those elements
electron dot diagram chemical symbol of an element surrounded by dots that represent the number of valence electrons available for bonding
cation positive ion (usually metals) that has lost electrons
anion negative ion (usually nonmetals) that has gained electrons
subscript Small number after a chemical symbol written below the symbol. Shows number of each element in the formula.
superscript Small number after a chemical symbol written above the symbol. Shows the oxidation number for that element.
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