Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Personality Ch. 10
Biological Typology (Eysenck's) Ryckman 2013 10e
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| androgens | Male sex hormones; in mammals, the principal one is testosterone. |
| antigens | Protein or carbohydrate substances (such as toxins or enzymes) that, when introduced into the body, stimulate the production of antibodies. |
| arousal theory | Explanation of behavioral differences in terms of the interactions between inherited levels of nervous system arousal and levels of environmental stimulation. |
| ascending reticular activatin system (ARAS) | The part of the central nervous system located in the lower brain stem; it is involved in the arousal of the cerebral cortex. |
| autonomic nervous system | The part of the peripheral nervous systme--usually not under the individual's voluntary control--that regulates the operation of internal organs and glands; it consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic subsytsems. |
| behavior therapy | Multifaceted approach to the treatment of disorders based on the principles of conditioning, counterconditioning, extinction, and reinforcement. |
| classical conditioning | Association learning whereby a neutral stimulus is paired withe an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) that naturally evokes an unconditioned response (UCR). |
| convergent thinking | A type of critical thinking which involves focusing in on one idea from an array of ideas in arriving at a solution that society later sees as, no only original, but as socially useful. |
| cortical arousal | State of the cortex during periods of perceptual or cognitive activity. |
| counterconditioning | Procedure often utilized for therapeutic purposes, in which a conditioned response (CR) is weakened by associating the stimulus (CS) that evokes it with the new response that is antagonistic (incompatible) with the CR. |
| divergent thinking | The ability to think along many different paths, to consider alternatives not originality considered in trying to solve problem. |
| dizygotic twins | Twins that develop simultaneously from two separate fertilized eggs (fraternal twins) |
| dopamine | A neurotransmitter or chemical in the brain that, in excessive amounts, can reduce cognitive inhibitions. |
| electrodermal response | Changes in the electrical conductance of the skin that are associated with arousal. |
| electroencephalogram (EEG) | Recording of electrical activity in the cerebral cortex obtained by means of electrodes placed on the skull. |
| evoked potentials | Patterns of waves that occur in the brain following its stimulation.. |
| extraverts | Individuals who have an outgoing and sociable approach to life. |
| Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) | An inventory designed to measure the major personality types in adults. |
| flooding | Form of behavior therapy in which the client is exposed to the most intense stimuli that evoke fear, typically for prolonged periods of time, in an effort to extinguish it. |
| hedonic tone | Positive or negative feelings and evaluations associated with various levels of arousal. |
| inhibition theory | Explanation of behavioral differences on the basis of inhibitory cortical processes that hinder nervous-system arousal. |
| introverts | Individuals who have a shy and retiring approach to life. |
| Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire | Inventory designed to measure the major personality types in children. |
| modeling | Demonstration of behavior by one person so that another person can imitate it. |
| monozygotic twins | Twins who develop from the splitting of a single fertilized egg ( identical twins) |
| neurotics | Individuals who are emotionally unstable and overly reactive to stimuli. |
| parasympathetic nervous system | Division of the autonomic nervous system that conserves bodily energies by slowing heart and breathing rates. |
| psychopathology | Various forms of disordered behavior that vary in terms of the severity of impairment. |
| psychotics | Individuals who are aloof, inhumane, aggressive, and insensitive to the needs of others, but also creative. |
| pupillary response | Changes in dilation of the pupils of the eyes associated with arousal. |
| reactive inhibintion | Each time a person responds, a small increment of neural fatigue is built up. Over many responses, fatigue builds to the point where the person stops responding. |
| schizophrenia | Severe psychotic disorder characterized by flat or inappropriate emotion and by withdrawal from external reality and other people. |
| serotonin | A chemical neurotransmitter in the brain believed to be associated with psychoticism and schizophrenic thinking. |
| sympathetic nervous system | Division of the autonomic nervous system that mobilizes the body's resources for action, speeding up heart and breathing rates and slowing the digestive process. |
| systematic desensitization | Behavior therapy designed to reduce the strong anxieties associated with various stimuli; the client is gradually exposed to them and, at each level in the anxiety hierarchy, learns new responses through counterconditioning. |
| typology | A means of classifying behavior through the use of continuous, highly abstract concepts (types) that encompass clusters of correlated traits. |
| visceral brain | Parts of the brain that underlie emotional feelings and expression; also known as the limbic system. |
Created by:
DavisWSU
Popular Psychology sets