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pharm chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what does an ADR mean? | its any noxious unintended and undesired effect that occurs at normal drug doses -more common in the elderly and very young -more common in peeps receiving multiple drugs |
| define side effect | unavoidable secondary drug effects produced at therapeutic doses such as drowsiness |
| define toxicity | is an adverse drug rxn caused by excessive dosing ie: coma happening from prophine overdose -severe hypoglycemia from an overdose of insulin |
| define allergic rxn | it's an immune response -intensity of allergic rxn is determined by degree of sensitization of the immune system not by drug dosage |
| define idiosyncratic effect | an uncommon drug response resulting from a genetic predisposition ie, succinylcholine usually causes temporary paralysis but in ppl that have a genetic issue where the they have less inactivating enzyme it can cause a severe response |
| define iatogenic disease | disease produced by physician or disease produced by drugs ie: a pt taking antipyschotic drugs may develop a syndrome which resembles Parkinson and since this syndrome is drug induced and identical to a naturally occurring pathology |
| define teratogenic effect | a drug induced birth defect |
| amphotericin B is an antifungal drig that causes injury to what organ? | the kidneys |
| doxorubin causes injury to what organ? | the heart |
| amiodarone causes injury to what organ? | the lungs |
| aminoglycoside antibiotics causes injury to which body part? | the inner ear |
| How do drugs damage the liver? | when some drugs undergo metabolism, they are converted to txic products that can injure liver -also combining hepatotxic drugs with certain drugs can cause damage. ie. mixing acetaminphen w/ alcohol |
| what test should ppl that are taking hepatotxic drugs undergo? | the should take the liver function tests at basline and periodically afterwards. -you look for two liver enzymes: aspartate aminotrnasferase(ast) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) -ast and alt are normally low but when liver is injured they are high |
| what are the signs of liver injury by taking hepatotoxic drugs | jaundice (yellow skin and eyes), dark urine, light-colored stools, nausea, vomiting, malaise, abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite |
| what are QT drugs? look at page 69 | meds that prolong the QT interval on an EGG and so can cause a risk of serious dysrthmias -QT measyres the time it takes for the ventricles to repolarize -w/ prolonged QT pts can get dysrhythmia called torsades de pointes-> |
Created by:
Jaspritk
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