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IOS6
Intro to Chemotherapy (O'Bryant)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The "Big Four" types of cancers | Prostate, Breast, Lung, Colorectal (Lung Cancer is the #1 cause of death) |
| Smallest clinically detectable tumor. | 1cm or 1gm (10^9 cells) |
| Tumor size that is incompatible with life. | 1kg (10^12 cells) Usually takes 7 doublings from the point where the patient detects the tumor (10^10 cells or 10gm). |
| Tumor size that is usually detected by the patient. | 10gm (10^10 cells)Usually takes 7 doublings before the tumor is considered to be incompatible with life. |
| Risk factors for cancer | Age, gender, race, genetic factors, family hx, tobacco use, obesity, poor nutrition, environmental factors |
| Cancers that we have screenings for | Breast, prostate, colon, skin, mouth, cervical, testicular |
| Cancers that don't have screenings | Lung, esophagus, leukemia, kidney, pancreatic, lymphomas, brain, ovarian |
| Method of tumor staging used most often. | TNM staging (tumor, nodes, metastases). Tells you how bad the tumor based on its size, the # of lymph nodes involved, and # of sites of metastases. (ex. T1 N0 M0) |
| Stage 1 tumor | Tumor limited to tissue of origin |
| Stage 2 tumor | Lymph node involved and/or large or multiple tumors in tissue of origin. |
| Stage 3 tumor | Bulky localized disease +/- lymph node involvement |
| Stage 4 tumor | Any tumor with metastases no matter what size it is. |
| Radiation therapy is dosed in... | grays(Gy) or centigrays (cGY) |
| Sanctuary sites where chemotherapy will not reach. | CNS and testes |
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