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Psych 495 Ch 12 Defs
Definitions from Chapter 12
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sexual stigma | the negative regard, inferior status and relative powerlessness that society collectively accords to any non-heterosexual behavior, identity, relationship or community. |
| sexual prejudice | negative attitudes based on sexual orientation on the personal level |
| sexual orientation hypothesis | the prediction that people are more likely to believe feminine men are gay than that masculine women are lesbians. |
| heterosexism | ideological system that prescribes heterosexuality and denies, denigrates and stigmatizes sexual minority groups |
| gender belief system | a culture's established sets of beliefs about men and women and the traits and roles they should possess and occupy |
| agentic/instrumental | stereotypes about men's traits , a competence cluster that includes characteristics such as "independent," "strong" and "self-confident." |
| communal/expressive | stereotypes about women's traits, represented by a warmth/expressiveness cluster that includes characteristics such as "emotional," "helpful," and "kind." |
| gender polarization | the assumption that gender-associated characteristics are opposites of each other |
| face-ism | a measure of the relative size and level of details of the depictions of faces and heads between genders |
| subtypes | categories that are subordinate to the more basic categories of sex, race and age |
| discrimination-affection paradox | the discrepancy between the generally positive view of women vs. the overwhelming evidence of gender-based discrimination |
| "women are wonderful" effect | the phenomenon that the category of "woman" is seen more positively than "men" both on traditional evaluative measures and implicit attitude measures |
| sticky floor (when applied specifically to women) | many traditional female occupations do not offer avenues for promotion or advancement and are dead-end jobs. |
| ambivalent sexism theory | people hold both hostile and benevolent sexist beliefs and the contradiction creates oscillation between the two attitudes |
| sex role strain | the mismatch between what members of one's gender are expected to do vs. what one can actually do |
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