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AP Psych Practice 5
Sensation & Perception
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Absolute Threshold | Detection of signal 50% of time |
| Difference Threshold | Two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum proportion |
| Sensory Adaption | Diminished sensitivity as a result of constant stimulation |
| Perceptual Set | Tendency to see something as part of a group |
| Inattentional Blindness | Failure to notice something because you're so focused on another task |
| Cocktail Party Effect | Notice your name across the room when it is spoken & you weren't previously paying attention |
| Cornea | Protect the eye |
| Pupil/Iris | Controls amount of light entering the eye |
| Lens | Forces light on retina |
| Fovea | Area of best vision |
| Bipolar Cells | Connect rods/cones & ganglion cells |
| Rods | Black/white, dim light |
| Cones | Color, bright light |
| Ganglion Cells | Opponent-processing occurs here |
| Blind Spot | Occurs where the optics nerve leaves the eye |
| Feature Detectors | Specialized cells that see motion, shapes, lines, etc. |
| Trichromatic | Three cones for receiving color (red/ blue/green) |
| Opponent Process | Complementary colors are processed in ganglion cells |
| Visual Capture | Visual system overwhelms all others |
| Constancies | Recognize that objects do not physically change despite changes in sensory input |
| Phi Phenomenon | Adjacent lights blink on & off in succession; looks like movement |
| Stroboscopic Movement | Motion produced by a rapid succession of slightly varying images |
| Interposition | Overlapping images appear closer |
| Relative Size | 2 objects that are usually similar in size, the smaller one is further away |
| Relative Clarity | Hazy objects appear further away |
| Texture Gradient | Coarser objects are closer |
| Relative Height | Things higher in our field of vision look further away |
| Linear Perspective | Parallel lines converge with distance |
| Retinal Disparity | Image is cast slightly different on each retinal, location of image helps us determine depth |
| Convergence | Eyes strain more as objects draw nearer |
| Top-Down Processing | Whole to smaller parts |
| Bottom-Up Processing | Smaller parts to whole |
| Outer Ear | Pinna (ear) & auditory canal |
| Middle Ear | Ear drum |
| Inner Ear | Cochlea |
| Place Theory | Location where hair cells bend determines sound (high pitch) |
| Frequency Theory | Rate at which action potentials are sent determines sound (low pitch) |
| Kinesthetic | Sense of body position |
| Vestibular | Sense of balance |
| Proximity | Tendency to group things together that appear near each other |
| Similarity | Tendency to group things together based off of looks |
| Continuity | Tendency to mentally form a continuous line |
Created by:
taramichelle
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