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Waves & EM Spectrum
Words about sound waves, light waves, and the electromagnetic spectrum
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| radio wave | a wave with long wave length, low frequency |
| microwave | a wave used for long-distance, satellite and space communications, and fast cooking |
| infrared wave | invisible light with a wavelength longer than red |
| visible light | the entire color spectrum that we can see |
| ultraviolet light | invisible light with a wavelength shorter than violet & is blocked by sunscreen |
| x-ray | wavelength is much shorter than visible light. It allows for deep penetration into many substances. |
| gamma ray | shortest wavelength, high energy, very penetrating; used to diagnose and treat cancer |
| wave | a disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another |
| transverse wave | a wave that moves matter up and down perpendicular to the direction the wave travels |
| electromagnetic wave | charged particles that can move energy through a vacuum like light waves; these waves travel at the same speed as light, but have different wavelengths and frequencies |
| longitudinal wave | a wave in which matter moves back and forth in the same direction as the wave |
| crest | the top of a wave |
| trough | the bottom of a wave |
| wavelength | the distance from one spot on a wave to the same spot on the next wave |
| amplitude | the distance from the middle of a wave (rest position) to the crest or trough |
| frequency | the number of waves that pass a point in one second. It is measured in hertz. |
| medium | the matter or substance through which a wave is transmitted. Sound waves must have a medium to travel through. Different substances can affect the speed of a wave. |
| compression | an area of a longitudinal wave where the particles are closest together |
| rarefaction | an area of a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart |
| reflection | the bouncing of a wave off the surface |
| Law of Reflection | the angle of incidence of a light ray is equal to the angle of reflection |
| refraction | the bending of light rays or any wave. This can be observed when light passes through water. |
| dispersion | the spreading of white light into its component colors when it passes through a prism |
| ROY G BIV | stands for the colors of the visible spectrum |
| temperature | this can effect the speed of a sound wave |
| high frequency | as it increases the wavelength becomes shorter |
| vacuum | a space in which there is no matter. Sound waves are unable to travel through them. |
| diffraction | the bending of a wave around the edge of a barrier; when a beam of light spreads out as a result of passing through a narrow opening or across an edge |
| mechanical wave | moves energy through a medium. Examples include ocean waves, seismic (earthquake) waves, sound waves. |
| Raging Martians Invaded ROY G BIV Using X-ray Guns | a sentence to help remember the order of the wavelengths in the EM Spectrum starting with the longest wavelength |
| surface wave | a type of wave that is a combination of longitudinal and transverse waves |
Created by:
Ms Potts
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