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PSYC Test 2
Mood Disorders & Depression
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Most common mental illness: Feeling of profound sadness, low self-esteem & hopelessness about one's life | Depression |
| Often SECONDARY to a medical condition, alcohol or drugs; people with chronic medical problems are @ high risk | Depression |
| 3 Assessment Tools for Depression: | Beck Depression Inventory, NMHA Online Assessment, Geriatric, Hamilton & Zung Depression Scales |
| Suicide potential, withdrawn/isolated, anhedonia, hypersomnia, insomnia, guilt, shame, anergia, neurovegetaive are indicators of ? | Depression |
| ? is the reduction in or lack of energy | anergia |
| ? is the inability to find meaning or pleasure in EXISTENCE | anhedonia |
| 2 main neurotransmitters | serotonin & norepinephrine |
| Factors triggering depression: | grief, interpersonal disputes, role transitions, genetics, neurotransmitter imbalance, meds, stress, abandonment |
| Signs/symptoms > 2wks, substantial pain & suffering, hx of 1 or more depressive episodes, psychological, social & occupational disability are characteristics of ? | MDD = major depressive disorder |
| Single/Recurrent episodes; Mild/moderate/severe, with psychotic, catatonic, melancholic, postpartum, seasonal, or atypical features are classifications of? | MD = Mood Disorders |
| (MD) impaired reality (hallucinations/delusions) | with PSYCHOTIC features |
| (MD) psychomotor retardation (peculiar voluntary movement) | with CATATONIC features |
| (MD) absence of reactions (anorexia, weight loss) | with MELANCHOLIC features |
| (MD) within 4 wks of giving birth (severe anxiety, possible psychosis) | Postpartum onset |
| (MD)generally occurring in fall/winter & remitting in spring | with SEASONAL features |
| (MD) is lethargic, appetite changes, weight gain, hypersomnia | with ATYPICAL features |
| Mild - Moderate mood disturbance, chronically depressed mood for @ least 2yrs (early or late onset) | DD = Dysthmic Disorder |
| Disorder that is hard to distinguish from persons usual pattern of functioning, minimal social/occupational impairment, able to function normally but appear consistently unhappy | DD = dysthmic disorder |
| Main differences between MDD & DD is ? | duration & severity of symptoms |
| Medical disorders associated w/depressive syndromes: (5) | Neurological, Endocrine, Metabolic/Nutritional, Infectious/Inflammatory, Other |
| Increased aggressiveness, poor school performance, sad & cries a lot, urinary incontinence, suicidal are signs of depression in ? | children ( as young as 3) |
| defiance, rebellion, promiscuity, poor school performance, run away, skip school, social isolation are signs of depression in ? | teens |
| True/False: Boys 15yrs & older are twice as likely as boys to experience depression | False - GIRLS |
| True/False: Depression in Teens commonly associated w/substance abuse & antisocial behavior | TRUE |
| Ture/False: In both children & teens, depression may go undiagnosed if attention is focused on behavioral problems "just a stage" | TRUE |
| Agitation or motor retardation, irritable mood, cries easily, appetite change, constipation, pessimistic about future, are signs of depression amongst ? | elderly |
| True/False: Major problem with TEENS is they often go unrecognized/undiagnosed with depression | FALSE - Elderly |
| Depression that occurs each year @ the same time; may be caused by fluctuation of sunlight or chemical imbalances | (SAD) Seasonal Affective Disorder |
| Mix of physical/behavioral changes after birth of child; thoughts of harming baby, signs/symptoms persist beyond 2wks | Postpartum Depression |
| Markedly depressed mood w/anxiety, mood swings, & decreased interest in activities during the week prior to menses & subsiding shortly after onset of menses | Premenstrual Dysmorphic Disorder |
| Disorder NOT recognized in DSM-IV-TR as an official diagnoses | Premenstrual Dysmorphic Disorder |
| Mood disorders are treated with? Normally take 1-3wks to take affect | Antidepressants |
| Treatment: 1st line of Antidepressants | SSRI's, newer(atypical antidepressants), TCA's |
| Treatment: 2nd line of antidepressants | MAOI's, ECT |
| True/False: With antidepressants, there is an INCREASED risk of suicide because with the meds they feel better & will now carry out the suicide | True |
| Underdiagnosing & Undertreating is common against: | African Americans & Hispanics |
| Hx of depression, suicide attempts, FEMALE, age 40yrs & younger, stressful events, sleep abnormalities, alcohol & substance are all risk factors for | Depression |
| 3 phases in treatment/recover of major depression | acute, continuation, maintenance |
| Treatment phase for depression: (4-9mths) focuses on PREVENTING RELAPSE through pharmacotherapy, education & depression-specific psychotherapy | Continuation phase |
| Treatment phase of major depression: (6-12wks) focuses on REDUCING DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS & restoring psychosocial & work function. Hospitalization may be requried. | Acute phase |
| Treatment phase of depression: (1 or more yrs) focuses on prevention of further episodes of depression | Maintenance phase |
| Counseling, Health Teaching, Promotion of self-care activities & mileu mgmt are basic level interventions of : | depression |
| 1. Use technique of "Making Observations", 2. Use simple concrete words, 3. Allow time for client to respond, 4. Listen for covert messages, 5. Avoid Platitudes are Guidelines for what? | Guidelines for Communication w/Severely WITHDRAWN Person |
| recommended as 1st line therapy for ALL types of depression | SSRI |
| SSRI's are 1st line therapy for ALL types of depression EXCEPT: | Psychotic, Melancholic & Mild Depression |
| cause fewer adverse effects & have low cardiotoxicity & are less dangerous when taken in overdose. | SSRI's |
| Client/Family Teaching about (?) consists of: sexual dysfunction, lack of sex drive, interact w/other meds, No OTC's, insomnia, No alcohol, do NOT stop abruptly "serotinin withdrawl" | SSRI's |
| Rare/Life-Threatening potential toxic effect of SSRI's, caused by too high of a dose or interaction w/other drugs | Central Serotonin Syndrome |
| Symptoms of ? : Hyperactivity/Restlessness, Fever/Hyperpyrexia, altered mental state, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, tachycardia/cardiovascular shock, elevated BP | Central Serotonin Syndrome |
| Remove offending agent & initiate symptomatic treatment (unique to symptoms)are interventions for: | Central Serotonin Syndrome |
| Use the following with caution when taking w/?'s: Penothiazine, Barbiturates, MAOI, Anticoagulants, Oral contraceptives, benzodiazepines, alcohol, nicotine | TCA's |
| Client/Family Teaching about (?): Mood elevation may take 7-28days & up to 6-8wks for the full effect to b e reached & for major depressive symptoms to subside | TCA's |
| Warnings about ?: Drowsiness, dizziness & hypotension usually subside after 1st few wks, Suddenly stopping can cause: nausea, altered heart beat, nightmares, cold sweats | TCA's |
| Must follow strict diet avoiding foods w/HIGH Tyramine Content or VASOPRESSORS or can result in HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS | MAOI's |
| toxic effect of MAOI's due to interaction with foodstuffs & cold meds | Hypertensive Crisis |
| Most critical side effect of MAOI's | Hypotension (w/elderly especially) |
| Foods w/High Tyramine Conent | avocados, figs, bologna, pepperoni, ALL CHEESE, beer, soups |
| Foods that are vasopressors: | Chocolate, fava beans, ginseng, caffeinated beverages |
| Drugs that can interact with ?: OTC's, narcotics, sedatives, stimulants, TCA's, Antihypertensives, General anesthetics | MAOI's |
Created by:
dbrust
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