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Lab Quiz 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Phytoplankton | are primary producers, at the base of any aquatic food chain: they use pigments to convert solar energy into chemical energy |
| Zooplankton | are plankton that are consumers; They typically feed on other plankton. |
| 2 abiotic factors that influence the abundance of phytoplankton | light and nutrient availability |
| Describe a population that would be suitable for random sampling vs. mark and recapture to estimate population size. | Random sampling is good for a non-mobile population that is either uniformly or randomly dispersed. Mark and Recapture is good for a mobile pop. |
| Recall the lab where we simulated natural selection using rice for prey and students as predators. (Our hypothesis was that natural selection favors cryptic coloration in prey.) What is the independent variable? | Cryptic camouflage |
| Recall the lab where we simulated natural selection using rice for prey and students as predators. (Our hypothesis was that natural selection favors cryptic coloration in prey.) What is the dependent variable? | Fitness of prey types, as measured by % prey types after T2 (hunting and reproduction) |
| Recall the lab where we simulated natural selection using rice for prey and students as predators. (Our hypothesis was that natural selection favors cryptic coloration in prey.) What is the control group? | Non-cryptic/black rice (because this group not given treatment of independent variable:cryptic camoflage); the brown and white rice are the experimental groups- 2 different levels of camouflage |
| Recall the lab where we simulated natural selection using rice for prey and students as predators. (Our hypothesis was that natural selection favors cryptic coloration in prey.) What are 2 controlled (standardized) variables? | burlap, initial % of each prey type, size and shape of rice grains, reproductive capacity of each prey type, type of predator, method of hunting, time being hunted, lighting, etc. |
| What are the 3 conditions that must be met in order for natural selection to occur? | 1. there is variation among indviduals 2. This variation is heritable 3. This variation affects fitness |
| Did the prey population evolve? How do you know? | Yes. The pop changed over time - % rice types changed after being hunted. |
| Did the prey population undergo microevolution or macroevolution? | Microevolution = change at the smalles level: in a population |
| How would you expect the prey population to change over several generations? | The % of cryptic individuals would continue to increase – generation after gen. |
| In our exercise, natural selection was not working on the predators. How would it have done so? | NS would favor those predators that caught more prey (b/c of their better senses, faster reaction time, more dexterous fingers, etc); so predators that caught fewer prey would have a lower fitness (be less able to survive and reproduce) than predators tha |
| Describe the usual effect of sample size on the accuracy of an estimate. | See class results: Most times a larger sample size yields a more accurate estimate than a smaller sample size. |
| What are the assumptions for using Lincoln Index to get an accurate estimate of population size? | Marking doesn’t harm or make animals noticeable |
| What are the 3 conditions that must be met in order for natural selection to occur? | 1) There is variation among individuals 2) This variation is heritable 3) This variation affects fitness |
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Hier snipe
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