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constipation drugs

QuestionAnswer
anthraquinones (senna, cascara sagrada) stimulants
diphenylmethanes (bisacodyl) stimulants (suppository)
Castor oil MOA stimulants.... hydrolyzed to ricinoleic acid
stimulants MOA irritate enterocytes, Na/K pump inhibitor, promote water into intestine
stimulants efficacy 2-8 hours... faster the higher the dose
stimulants AE urine discoloration (senna, cascara), mucosal discoloration
Stimulants contraindications GI obstruction/ ileus/ impaction (poop pushed and gets stuck)
Magnesium salts MOA osmotic, magnesium and phosphate poorly absorbed
sodium phosphate (fleet) MOA osmotic, magnesium and phosphate poorly absorbed
lactulose MOA... recommended for what patients? osmotic, disaccharide of fructose and galactose retains fluid... severe liver disease traps ammonia by changing PH
sorbitol/ mannitol MOA osmotic, hydrolyzed to short-chain fatty acid and retain fluid
osmotic efficacy 6-8 hours... shorter with larger doses
lactulose/sorbitol/mannitol efficacy 1-3 days
osmotic AE hypermagnesemia, hypernatremia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia
Bulk forming laxatives fiber, Psyllium (metamucil), methylcellulose, calcium polycarbophil, malt soup extract
bulk forming laxatives MOA increase bulk and water contents in feces softening it
bulk forming laxatives efficacy 1-3 days
bulk forming laxatives AE and drug interactions bloating/obstruction.... lots of drug interactions
docusate salts surfactant agent
mineral oil surfactant agent
surfactant MOA soften/lubricate feces via reduction in surface tension
surfactants efficacy 1-3 days mostly softening
serotonin type-4 partial agonist tegaserod... stimulates peristalsis no longer available b/c cardiac and stroke
lubiprostone prostaglandin E1 analog
prostaglandin E1 analog MOA and efficacy stimulates chloride channels.... BM within 24 hours... maybe cause worse cramping then before
polyethylene glycol colyte, goLYELY, miralax, tri-lyte
polyethylene glycol MOA mostly osmotic, prevents ion passage across intestine wall
polyethylene glycol efficacy very fast!! within 1 hour!!!
Glycerin (suppository) fast (w/i 2 hours) ie. fleet
Created by: sambone
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