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Unit 4
Emma is cooler than you
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Solubility | the ability of a substance to be dissolved |
| Acids | Substances that can donate a hydrogen ion to another substance |
| Bases | Substances that can except a hydrogen or hydroxide ions in solutions |
| pH | Measurements of the concentration of H+ ions related to the power of concentration |
| Matter can be either a | pure substance or a mixture |
| Pure substance | has a composition that is the same throughout and does not vary can be either a element or a compound |
| Mixture | a blend of two or more kinds of matter |
| Heterogeneous mixture | are not uniform throughout |
| Homogeneous mixture | are uniform in composition (also called solutions) |
| Solvent | a dissolving medium in a solution (ex. water) |
| Solute | the substance being dissolved (ex. sugar) |
| Neutral Substances | Have a pH of 7 |
| pOH | measurement of concentration of OH- ions |
| Electrolytes | solutions that conduct electricity because of the free movement of ions |
| Buffers | help prevent a change in pH or pOH |
| Mole | refers to a measurement of molecules that is relative to its molecular weight |
| Molarity | term for telling how many moles of a substance are DISSOLVED in a solution (usually water) |
| Electrolyte | substance that DISSOLVES IN WATER to create a solution that CONDUCTS ELLECTRIC CURRENT |
| non- electrolyte | substance that dissolves in water but DOESNT CONDUCT AN ELECTRIC CURRENT |
| Alloys | solid solutions in which the atoms of two or more metals are uniformly mixed (ex. brass;silver) |
| Suspensions | mixtures in which particles of a material are more or less evenly dispersed throughout a liquid or gas (ex. muddy water) |
| Colloids | particles that are immediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions form mixtures |
| Tyndall effect | Colloids appear homogeneous but can scatter light. Can be used to distinguish between a colloid and a solution If you see light beams, its a colloid If you don't, its a solution |
| Brownian Motion | individual particles of a colloid can be detected under a microscope if a bright light is cast one the specimen at a right angle. due to collisions of rapidly moving molecules |
| Solution Equilibrium | is reached when the physical state in which the opposing process of dissolution and crystallization of a solute occurs at equal rates |
| Insolubility | inability of one solution to dissolve in another substance |
| Saturated | solution that contains the MAXIMUM AMOUNT of dissolved solute is described as a saturated solution |
| Unsaturated | contains less solute then a saturated solution |
| Supersaturated | contains more dissolved solute then a saturated solution |
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Gr9
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