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AP Psych Ch.16 Vocab
Psychological Disorders - AP Psychology, Chapter 16
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Psychological disorder | Deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional behavior patterns |
| Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder | A psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age seven of extreme inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity |
| Medical model | The concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases cures |
| DSM-IV | The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a widely-used system for classifying psychological disorders |
| Anxiety disorders | Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors to reduce anxiety |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal |
| Panic disorder | An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable, minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations |
| Phobia | An anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear or avoidance of a specific object of situation |
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder | An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions) |
| Post-traumatic stress disorder | An anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four or more weeks after a traumatic experience |
| Disassociative disorders | Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings |
| Disassociative identity disorder | A rare disassociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities (AKA multiple personality disorder) |
| Mood disorders | Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes |
| Major depressive disorder | A mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities |
| Mania | A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state |
| Bipolar disorder | A mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania |
| Schizophrenia | A group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions |
| Delusions | False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders |
| Subtypes of schizophrenia | Paranoid- delusions (persecution/grandeur), Disorganized- disorganized speech/behavior, inappropriate emotion, Catatonic- immobility, negativity, repitition, Undifferentiated- many symptoms, Residual- withdrawal after hallucinations/delusions leave |
| Personality disorders | Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning |
| Antisocial personality disorder | A personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscious for wrongdoing, even toward friends or family members. May be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist. |
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emilyjane1221
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