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Spine Anatomy
Integumentary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the 3 main layers of the skin? | 1) Epidermis 2) Dermis 3) Subcutaneous(Hypodermims) |
| the epidermis is composed of how many layers? | 5 |
| what is the main function of the epidermis? | protection |
| the dermis is composed of how many layers? | 2 |
| what resides in the dermis layer? | vascular, innervated, dermal appendages |
| what makes up the subcutaneous (hypodermis) layer? | adipose tissue |
| how thick is the epidermis? | .05 - 1.5 mm |
| describe the pH of the epidermis and what that does for the skin. | low pH - protects skin from bacteria |
| what is found in the epidermis,can migrate, and fills with keratin? | keratinocytes |
| these cells activate the immune system | Langerhan cells |
| These are responsible for skin color and react to sun exposure. | melanocytes |
| The dermis is how thick? | 2 - 4 mm |
| What are the two primary layers of the dermis? | papillary and reticular |
| What is found in the dermis layer at the papillary level? | rete pegs |
| What characteristics are unique about the dermis? hint* 4 things | vascular, dermal appendages, innervated, collagen synthesis & phagocytosis |
| What is unique about the dermal appendages? | they are continous with epidermis and have smooth mm at hair follicles called erector pili |
| What are the functions of the subcutaneous adipose tissue? hint* 4 things | protection, insulation, cushioning, various depth |
| What are the 5 new terms for classification of burn injuries? | superficial, superficial partial thickness, deep partial thickness, full thickness, subdermal |
| What classification is epidermis only, no blisters, no scaring, simple tx, and heals in 2-5 days? | superficial |
| What classification is epidermis & partial dermis, blisters, very painful, nn endings exposed, + blanch (quick refill), + edema, no scaring, wound bed pink-red, heals in 7 - 14 days, and tetanus update? | superficial partial thickness |
| What classification is injury deeper into dermis, shades of red, yellow, white, + blanch in red areas but sluggish, blood flow impaired = increase risk of infection and increase depth, moist, dry, no blisters, + sensation,heals 4 - 10 wks via granulation? | deep partial thickness |
| What classification when lack rete pegs = wound breakdown, secondary intention, grafting, scar formation, seldom uniform depth? | deep partial thickness |
| What classification includes all layers of skin down to sub-q tissue & fat, black, brown, cherry red, waxy white, no blanching, can be dry, painless, hair pulls out easily, cicrumferential burns = problematic, skin grafts, affects all systems & organs? | full thickness |
| What classification is charred, mummified, and involves amputation? | subdermal |
| Classification by skin depth takes how many days for burn to " declare "? | 3 days |
| Amount of skin involved >__ affects all body systems? | %20 |
| __________ is shift to interstitium = edema & fluid loss, altered blood cell concentration & function? | hypovolemia |
| With bad burns you might see a change in vital signs that include: ?? hint* heart changes | tachycardia, decreased CO & BP, distal pulses difficult due to edema |
| Remember rules of 9 | 9% for head, each arm.18% for each leg, front of torso, and back of torso1% for the genitalia region |
| Circumferential burns, skin, and sub q tissues act as a _______? | tourniquit |
| Skin acting as a tourniquit can reduce or elimate distal _____ _____? | blood flow |
| A _________ is a surgical procedure through full thickness layer to expose fatty tissue. | escharotomy |
| A _______ is a surgical procedure cutting through the fascia to release tension. | fasciotomy |
| Which is deeper, escharotomy or fasciotomy? | fasciotomy |
Created by:
txst spr 2009
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