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RADT 465: Image Eval

ARRT registry review covering Image Acquisition and Evaluation

QuestionAnswer
In electronic imaging, as digital image matrix size increases, what happens to the pixel size? Pixel size decreases
The intensity of ionizing radiation and the distance from the source of radiation have what type of relationship? Indirect relationship
What is grid interspace material made of? Aluminum or Plastic fiber
What is attenuation? The reduction in x-ray photon intensity as the photon passes through a material.
What is a photostimulable phosphor? The component of a CR image plate that records the image.
Which device indicates the radiation dose received by the digital detector for each image? Exposure indicator
What is most likely the cause of an overexposed lateral coccyx image made using AEC? Incorrect centering of the part.
The luminescent light emitted by the PSP is transformed into the image seen on the CRT by the what? ADC
What does the term "windowing" do to an image? Changes the image brightness and/or contrast scale
What can cause foreshortening? The radiographic object being placed at an angle to the IR.
What can a technologist do to reduce motion on an image? Suspend patient respiration, use short exposure time, and give good patient instruction.
How should unopened boxes of x-ray film be stored? Away from radiation and in a vertical position.
What are some factors that contribute to film fog? The age of the film, excessive exposure to safelight, and processor chemistry.
Compared to a low-ratio grid, a high-ratio grid will do what? Absorb more scatter radiation and primary radiation.
Kilovoltage has a direct relationship with what? Photon energy and receptor exposure.
A phosphor used in an image intensifier's input screen should contain what characteristics? High conversion efficiency, high x-ray absorption, high atomic number.
In CR imaging, resolution increases as what decreases? Laser beam size and PSP crystal size decreases.
What factors determine the efficiency of a grid? Grid ratio, number of lead strips per inch, and amount of scatter that is transmitted through the grid.
Which factors affect the exposure rate of the primary beam? Milliamperage, kilovoltage, and distance.
What is blur? Unsharp edges of tiny radiographic details.
What is a pixel? Two dimensional picture element that is measured in xy direction.
Geometric blur can be measured using which devices? Star pattern, slit camera, or pinhole camera
What should the technologist adjust when using a focused reciprocating grid that produces grid cutoff? SID
Using a short SID with a large IR is likely to increase what? Anode Heel Effect
Due to the anode heel effect, the intensity of the x-ray beam is greatest along which end? The cathode end of the beam.
What is the main difference between CR and DR imaging systems? CR uses imaging plates.
What is the main difference between the direct capture and indirect capture DR? Direct capture/conversion has no scintillator.
Analog to digital conversion is used in which imaging system? CR
What are the layers of a PSP plate used in CR imaging? Light shield layer, support layer, and the electroconductive layer.
Spatial resolution can be improved by increasing what? The size of the matrix.
What is grid cutoff? The absorption of useful radiation by a grid.
What are two common types of shape distortion? Elongation and foreshortening.
Which factors influence the production of scatter? kV level, tissue density and size of the field.
Which of the following are tested as a part of a QA program? Beam alignment, reproducibility, and linearity.
How are mAs and patient dose related? Directly related
What can the front material of an image plate be made of? Carbon fiber or magnesium.
What types of pathology would require an increase in exposure factors? Congestive heart failure, pneumonia, and pleural effusion.
Created by: mmaldridge
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