Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

CH 10 Physiology

Major Organ Systems of the body

QuestionAnswer
Central Nervous system includes what body parts? brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system is made up of? network of nerve cells that exit from the spinal cord.
Peripheral nervous system is broken down into two smaller systems. What are they? Afferent and Efferent
Which of the two systems of the Peripheral nervous system brings info to the brain? Afferent
The effernent system is divided into two systems called The somatic and autonomic
Which system, somatic or autonomic, transmits signals to the skeletal muscles of the body? somatic
Which system communicates to organs, muscles and glands and is under involuntary control and is under control of the brain autonomic
Name disease that occur when things go wrong in the nervous system Depression, Alzheimers, Parkinsons, Schizophrenia, and Myasthenia gravis
What is another name for chemical messenger? neurotransmitter
Name 4 neurotransmitters Serotonin, norepinephrine (depression), dopamine (parkinsons and shcizophrenia), acetylcholine (alzheimers and myasthenia gravis). Imbalance of the neurotransmitters or or inability of the nerve cells to release the neurotransmitters leads to disease.
Cardiovascular system is made up of heart, blood vessels called arteries, and capillaries, veins and blood
function of red blood cells (erythrocytes) transporting oxygen
function of white blood cells ward off infection
List the 4 chambers of the heart right and left atria, right and left ventricle
which side does low oxygenated blood enter? The right atria
From what chamber and through what vessel, does the deoxygentate blood enter the lung? right ventricle and pulmonary artery
Gas exchange occurs in what part of the lung? aveoli
The oxygenated blood enters heart through what and into what? pulmonary vein and left atrium
Blood leaves what chamber and is pumped throughout the body (systemically) left ventricle
Name the veins that bring the blood to the heart. The superior and inferior vena cava.
Central Nervous system includes what body parts? brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system is made up of? network of nerve cells that exit from the spinal cord.
Peripheral nervous system is broken down into two smaller systems. What are they? Afferent and Efferent
Which of the two systems of the Peripheral nervous system brings info to the brain? Afferent
The effernent system is divided into two systems called The somatic and autonomic
Which system, somatic or autonomic, transmits signals to the skeletal muscles of the body? somatic
Which system communicates to organs, muscles and glands and is under involuntary control and is under control of the brain autonomic
Name disease that occur when things go wrong in the nervous system Depression, Alzheimers, Parkinsons, Schizophrenia, and Myasthenia gravis
What is another name for chemical messenger? neurotransmitter
Name 4 neurotransmitters Serotonin, norepinephrine (depression), dopamine (parkinsons and shcizophrenia), acetylcholine (alzheimers and myasthenia gravis). Imbalance of the neurotransmitters or or inability of the nerve cells to release the neurotransmitters leads to disease.
Cardiovascular system is made up of heart, blood vessels called arteries, and capillaries, veins and blood
function of red blood cells (erythrocytes) transporting oxygen
function of white blood cells ward off infection
List the 4 chambers of the heart right and left atria, right and left ventricle
which side does low oxygenated blood enter? The right atria
From what chamber and through what vessel, does the deoxygentate blood enter the lung? right ventricle and pulmonary artery
Gas exchange occurs in what part of the lung? aveoli
The oxygenated blood enters heart through what and into what? pulmonary vein and left atrium
Blood leaves what chamber and is pumped throughout the body (systemically) left ventricle
Name the veins that bring the blood to the heart. The superior and inferior vena cava.
Does blood transport oxygen and nutrients to cells in the body? Yes, true
Name the deseases that occur when things go wrong with the cardiovascular system Stroke, heart failure, hypertension, arrhythmias
Ejecting blood from the heart cause an increase in pressure and this phase is the systolic pressure
when heart fills with blood, the pressure is reduced and this phase is called the diastolic pressure. Pressure drops because heart is releaxed.
A neuron is what? A nerve cell in the nervouse system
The sympathetic and parasympathetic division of the autonomic system do what to the heart regulate the rate and force at which the heart pumps.
name the parts of the respiratory system mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs broncioli, alveoli, alveoli sacs.
exchange of gas occurs in what part of the lung? Alveoli
What are the functions of the respiratory system? gas exchange, filtering out irritants, and protecting body from invading pathogens.
What happens when things go wrong with the respiratory system? Asthma, Emphysema, Bronchitis, pulmonary edema, anemia (decreased oxygen capacity of red blood cells)
What is asthma? Disease of lungs characterized by inflammation of the bronchilies, increased mucas secretions
What is a stroke? Decrease of stoppage of blood flow to the brain
What is heart failure? Heart can't eject enough blood from its ventricles. Lungs fill with fluid
Abnormal rhythms of the heart are arrhythmias
Name the three types of muslces in the body skeletal, cardiac and smooth
Which muscles have a stripped appearance? skeletal and cardiac
What system regulates skeletal, smooth and cardiac? nervous system
Name diseases of the musculoskeletal system osteoporosis, osteomalacia, arthritis
Name the endocrine glands hypothalamus, pancreas, posterior pituitary, posterior pituitary, adrenal glands, anterior pituitary, thymus, pineal gland, testis
Can an endocrine gland excrete more than one hormone? yes, ex. pancreas, adrenal cortex and anterior pituitary
Can and endocrine gland influence more than one target tissue? yes
What is the purpose of hormones they travel through bloodstream to distant tissues and organs and bring on a certain response in cells of the body
What is another name for chemical transmitters of the blood? hormones
Treatment of endocrine systems may be as simple as hormone therapy, true or false true because endocrine disorders are usually due to a hormone deficiency
Name some endocrine disorders. diabetes, hypothyroidism, dwarfism and acromegaly (production of too much growth hormone in childhood)
Name the parts of the gastrointestinal tract mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver and pancreas
What is the function of the GI tract? to transfer energy from food to cells in body
What is bolus? mass of chewed up food and occurs in mouth
What is chyme and where does this occur? Chyme is food that is processed into a thick liquid, and this occurs in the stomach
What is the esophagus? it is just a tube that transports the food to the stomach.
The final stage of chemical digestion occurs here and the nutrients are absorbed here small intestine
name the small muscle at the outlet of the stomach pylorus
Gerd can result from a faulty esophogeal sphincter
peptic ulsers result from bacteria true
name the most complex portion of the gastrointestinal tract small intestine
what can occur if GI tract goes bad? ulcers (bacterias cause ulcers), esophogeal disorder (GERD) gastrointestinal infections (usually caused by viruses) diarrhea, appendicitis, inflammatory bowel disease (inflammation of the intestines)
name the parts of the urninary tract kidneys, ureters, bladdre, and ureathra
name the 3 main parts of the kidney medulla, cortex and renal pelvis.
what are the functioning units of the kidney called? nephrons- they filter blood and in the process the nephrons produce urine from the by-products (waste products) of the blood
Where is the urine collected? renal pelvis
name disease that occur in urinary tract kidney stones, kidney disease, diabetes insipidus (kidneys can't absorb water)
what are gonads? reproductive organs testis and ovaries
sex hormones are responsible for development of 2nd sex characteristics true
The immune system is composed of cells in the bone marrow, they thymus, and the lymphatic system of the ducts and nodes, spleen and blood that function to protect the body true- protects the body from outside invaders
What are the cells in blood stream that are responsible from immune defenses? white blood cells called leucocytes
Blood cells that destined to be immune cells arise from where? bone marrow from stem cells
What are the only immune cells that aren't derived from stem cells lymphocytes - white cells that provide immune defense at a specific target.
B cells and T cells are two types of ? lymphocytes
B-lymphocytes attack cells infected with? bacteria
T-lymphocytes attack cells infected with? virus
An antigen is anything that has an immune response true an antigen is a bacterium, virus or cancer cell.
what is tolerance in terms of the immune system? it is the lack of immune response to self.
What is autoimmunity? It is an immune response against self
What are lymph nodes? small bean shaped structures that contain special compartments where immune cells congregate.
What is the primary function of immune cells? to protect the body.
Name the primary defense cells called neutrophils. basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes, and macrophages
Innate immune response refers to non-specific responses. defense against all foreign material
Adaptive response specific responses. target specific invaders. Lymphocytes are examples of cells of the adaptive immune system
Neutrophils and macrophages attack invaders by phagocytosis (a cell that eats up the invader). true or false true. and they release more chemicals that attract more cells of the immune system to the area of inflammation.
Inflammation is an example of non-specific response. true it is an innate immune response.
Created by: srubsam
Popular Pharmacology sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards