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art midterm
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| abstract | art that exaggerates, is simplified, or distorted |
| actual texture | the existing surface quality of an object as communicated primarily the sense of touch |
| additive sculpture | technique of adding to or building up clay, plaster, metal or other pliable materials into 3D forms (modeling) |
| aesthetics | the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature and value of art |
| analogous | colors next to each other on the color wheel that have a common hue |
| architectural style | type of design used frequently during a certain time in history |
| architecture | art form of planning and construction buildings to meet a variety of human needs |
| arbitrary color | colors chose by the artist independent of what is observed |
| art criticism process | organized approach to the observation and evaluation of a work of art using description analysis, interpretation, and judgement |
| assemblage | an artwork created by combining 3D objects |
| asymmetrical balance | two sides of a composition are different but have the same visual weight (informal balance) |
| atmospheric perspective | a method of creating the illusion of depth by representing objects further away with less clarity of contour and diminished color and contrast (aerial perspective) |
| background | the part of an artwork farthest away from the viewer, and closest to the horizon line |
| balance | (principle of design) arranging visual elements so that a composition has equal visual weight on each side of an imaginary line |
| batik | method of dying cloth that involves the use of resist materials to prevent dye from coloring certain areas of the cloth |
| center of interest | the focal point or area of emphasis |
| ceramics | sculpture or pottery made from clay |
| cityscape | a picture of the outside with the city or buildings being the most important part |
| clay, natural | a moist earth of decomposed rock used to create pottery |
| coil | long roll of clay or fiber joined into a circle or spiral |
| collage | "coller" means to paste a collage is a composition made by attatching a variety of materials to a flat surface |
| collagraph | a print made from a specifically constructed plate that has been produced in a collage manner, resulting in high and low surfaces which hold ink differently during printing |
| color | (element of art) reflected light- hue, value, intensity |
| color schemes | purposely selected groups of colors chosen for their unique relationship to one another monochromatic analogous complementary traid split-complementary |
| color wheel | a predetermined arrangement of the primary, secondary, and intermediate colors on a circular wheel used to define color relationships |
| complementary | two colors opposite of the color wheel blue/orange yellow/violet |
| composition | the arrangement of the elements or objects in an artwork. the way principles of art are used to organize elements |
| contour line | an outline drawing of a form or object defines edges and surface ridges |
| contrast | (principle of design) a difference between elements in an artwork |
| cool colors | green blue violet |
| crosshatching | shading technique which uses layering of repeated parallel lines in different directions to create the appearance of volume |
| depth | distance between fore ground, middle ground, and background |
| design | a visual plan, organization, or arrangements of elements in an artwork |
| diagonal | lines that slant |
| drawing | using lines to show form of figures |
| dry brush | lightly touching the surface with a brush coated in ink, paint, or other medium to create a scratchy textured effect |
| edition | set of prints made from the same plate |
| elements of art | line shape form texture color value space language of art of the basic elements used |
| emphasis | (principle of design) stresses one element or area of a work of art to make it attract the viewers attention |
| etching | intaglio technique in which acid is used to incise lines in a metal plate includes aquatint, soft/hard grounds |
| figure drawing | drawing the whole body of a person |
| focal point | area of an artwork that attracts the attention first |
| foreground | the part of an artwork closest to the viewer and usually positioned at the bottom of the artwork |
| form | (element of art) 3 dimensions- height, width, and depth |
| formal balance | two sides of a composition are identical (symmetrical balance) |
| free form shape | unique shapes without given names |
| function | the purpose for which and object is used |
| geometric | shapes of forms with math names circle triangle square sphere cube prism pyramid |
| hatching | shading technique that uses layering or repeated parallel lines to create the appearance of volume |
| hard edge | in 2D artwork, shapes with clearly defined outlines |
| horizon line | line where the sky and ground appear to meet |
| horizontal | a line that is parallel to the top and bottom edges of the surface plane |
| hue | another name for color related to the wave length of the reflected light |
| illusion of depth | feeling or appearance of distance created by color, line, value, placement, and size on a flat surface |
| intensity | the brightness or dullness of a color |
| intermediate colors | colors created by the combo of a primary color and secondary color that are next to each other on the color wheel red-orange blue-violet yellow-green |
| invented texture | a type of invented texture that does not represent real texture but creates the sensation of one by repeating lines and shapes in a 2D pattern. fabricated texture from the imagination in contrast to one produced by nature. |
| line | the path of a moving dot |
| linear perspective | a system of drawing or painting to give the illusion of depth on a flat surface all parrallel lines receding into the distance are drawn to one or more imaginary vanishing points on the horizon in such a work |
| medium | material, such as pencil, pen, watercolors, oil paint, pastel, acrylic paint, clay, wood, stone, found objects, used to create art. plural is media |
| middle ground | area in an artwork between fore and background |
| modeling | technique of adding or buidling up clay, plaster, metal or other pliable materials into 3D forms |
| monochromatic | a color scheme using tints and shades of one color |
| mono-print | a print made in an edition of one, often from a painting made on a non-absorbent surface |
| negative shape | flat area that is not the subject matter |
| negative space | empty spaces surrounding shapes and forms |
| neutral colors | color category that encompasses whites, grays, blacks, and browns |
| non objective | style of an art in which there is no recognizable subject matter |
| opaque | quality of a material that does not let any light pass through opposite of transparent |
| organic shapes | a fluid shape having none of the angularity associated with geometric shapes organic shapes are often associated with objects in nature |
| original | one of a kind |
| overlapping | placing one object in front of another to show depth |
| paint | pigment mixed with oil or water |
| painting | to make an artwork using wet media such as tempera or watercolor paints |
| pallette | tray used by painters for mixing colors of paint |
| parallel | lines that move in the same direction and always stay the same distant apart |
| pattern | a choice of lines, colors, and or shapes repeated over and over in a planned way |
| perspective | a way of creating the illusion of depth on a 2D surface |
| pigment | any coloring matter mixed with a liquid or binder to make paint, ink crayons, etc. |
| pinch | a method of hand-building pottery or sculpture by pressing, pulling, and pinching clay or other soft materials |
| point of view | angle from which the viewer sees an object |
| portrait | an artwork that shows a specific person or animal, often shows only the face |
| positive space | shapes or forms |
| primary colors | the first colors from which all other spectrum are mixed red yellow blue |
| principles of design | balance emphases contrast rhythm unity proportion the rules by which an artist organizes the elements of art to create a work of art |
| print making | the design and productions of prints by an artist |
| proportion | the size of relationships of parts to a whole and to each other |
| radial balance | type of balance in which lines, shapes or elements branch out from a central point in a circular pattern |
| realistic | art that shows life as it is, art that aims to reproduce things as they appear |
| relief print making | technique in which the image is printed from a raised surface, usually by cutting away non-image area. includes linocut, woodcut collograph, and etching |
| relief sculpture | type of sculpture in which forms project from a flat background |
| rhythm | principle of design) regular repetition of any of the elements of design, with or without periodic alteration |
| scale | the relative size of an object as compared to other objects, to the environment or the human figure |
| sculpture | 3D artwork |
| sculpture in the round | freestanding sculpture that is complete on all sides |
| seascape | a picture of the outside, with a body of water being the most imporant part |
| secondary colors | color made by mixing two primary colors orange violet green |
| serigraph | technique that uses a squeegee to force ink through selected parts of stretched mesh containing the image. (silkscreen) |
| shade | the dark value of a color made by mixing black with a color. the opposite of tint |
| shading | the use of a range of values to define form |
| shape | an element of art. shape is enclosed space having only two demensions (height x width) |
| simulate texture | texture that is created through careful and methodical imitation of actual and natural textures |
| slab | hand building ceramic method in which flat pieces of moist clay are joined together with slip |
| space | (element of art) emptiness between, above, around, below, or within objects. the distance around and between things. an area that can be filled with an art element |
| still life | an arrangement of inanimate objects |
| stippling | a shading technique which uses layering of repeated dots to create the appearance of volume |
| subject | the image that viewers can eaily recognize in a work of art |
| subtractive | a sculpture technique in which material is removed by carved or cutting |
| symbol | an image that stands for an idea or has a meeting other than its outward appearance |
| symmetrical balance | two sides of a composition are identical (balance) |
| texture | (element of art) how things feel or how they might look on the surface |
| theme | the most important idea or subject in a composition the subject of a work of art, sometimes with a number of phrases or variation |
| 3D | artwork that has height, width, and depth |
| tint | light value of a color by mixing white with a color |
| translucent | quality of a material that allows light to pass through it but one cannot see through it |
| transparent | quality of a material that allows light to pass through it |
| 2D | artwork that is flat or measured by height and width |
| unity | (principle of design) sense of wholeness in an artwork. a coherent relationship among the elements in a work of art |
| value | (element of art) lightness or darkness of a gray or a color |
| vanishing point | point on the horizon where receding parallel lines seem to meet |
| variety | (principle of design) difference or contrast |
| warm colors | red orange yellow |
| warp | in weaving, lengthwise threads held in place on the loom and crossed by the weft threads |
| wash | a thin transparent layer of paint |
| weaving | interlacing two sets of parallel threads. decorative art made by interlocking one material in other materials |
| weft | in weaving, the filling threads, running horizontally in weaving |
Created by:
ryhuie
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