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8th Unit 7b
Nature of Matter Key Terms part 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atom | The smallest particle of an element that can exist either alone or in combination |
| Element | A substance which cannot be separated into smaller parts and still retain its chemical identity. For example, sodium (Na) is an element. |
| Kinetic Energy | Energy due to motion of a mass |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | Basic law of nature which claims that energy is neither created nor destroyed but rather changes form |
| Mass | The measurement of the amount of matter that an object contains |
| Metal | A substance that is a good conductor of electricity and heat. They also have the properties of being ductile, malleable and shiny |
| Metalloid | A substance that has some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals |
| Mixtures | A material made up by two or more different substances which are mixed but are not combined chemically |
| Nonmetal | A substance that lacks the properties of a metal which are brittle and are poor conductors of heat and electricity |
| Potential Energy | A form of energy that can be converted to other, more useful forms; stored energy |
| Radioactive | A property of an element that causes it to spontaneously decay into other smaller elements |
| Weight | The mathematical relationship between mass and gravitational pull; Mass x Gravity |
| Ductile | Capable of being drawn out into wire or thread |
| Malleable | Capable of being extended or shaped by beating with a hammer or by the pressure of rollers |
| Conductor | A material or object that allows electricity or heat to move through it |
| Period | A row on the Periodic Table. Every element in the row has the same number of atomic orbitals or energy levels. |
| Group | A column of the Periodic Table. The elements in each column have the same number valence electrons. |
| Valence electrons | The number of electrons in the outer orbital. |
| Halogens | A family of elements all of which have 7 valence electrons and are found in group 17 on the Periodic Table. |
| Noble Gases | A family of inert elements all of which have 8 valence electrons and are found in Group 18 (sometimes called Group 0) on the Periodic Table. |
| Alkaline Metals | A family of elements all of which have 1 valence electrons and are found in group 1 on the Periodic Table. |
| Alkaline Earth Metals | A family of elements all of which have 2 valence electrons and are found in group 2 on the Periodic Table. |
Created by:
darrin_evans
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