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GI phramacology

QuestionAnswer
PPI's omeprazole [losec], lansoprazple [prevacid
cholinergic antagonists propantheline, isoprpamide, scopolamine
cholinergic antagonists decrease Ach-stimulated secretion and motility
PPI inhibits h/k/ATPase in parietal cells
side effects of PPI's headache, GI disturbance, hypertrophy of gastrin producing cells
h2-receptor antagonists cimitidine[ tagamet], ranitidine[ zantac], famotidine[pepcid], nizatidine[axid]
Gastric protective agents sucralfate, cabenoxolone
sucralfate polysaccharide and aluminum hydroxid- stimulates mucus production
side effects of sucralfate constipation nausea
cerbenoxolone stimulates mucosal secreations with side effects of edema and hypertension
misoprostol prostaglandin E acts to inhibit parietal cells and stimulate bicarb and mucus production
Metoclopramide Dopaminergic antagonist
Metoclopramide increases LES tone, stimulates gastric emptying, and increases rate of transit through small bowel
Metoclopramide used to treat reflux, gastric mototr failure, diabetic gastroparesis
Metoclopramide useful as an antiemetic with chemotherapy
side effects of Metoclopramide sedation, extrapyramidal effects, prolactin secreation
Domperidone Dopamine antagonist, acclerates gastric emptying
Cisapride stimulates Acetylcholine via seratonin
Cisapride increases LES tone, imcreases gastric emptying, increases motility
Cisapride used for reflux esophagitis, gastroparesis, and conditions of colonic hypomotility
Bulk forming laxatives psyllium, methyl-cellulose
psyllium hydrophilic, poorly absorbed, retian water, have minimal adverse affects
salt containing osmotic agents magnesium sulfate/citrate/hydroxide, sodium phophate and mineral water
salt containing osmotic agents used to evacuate bowel, side effects: hypermagnesemia/natremia
salt-free osmotic agents glycerin, lactulose, polyethylene glycol-electrolyte soln
Irritant agents phenolphthalein, bisacodyl, senna, castor oil
irritant agents decreases water absorption, stimulates intestinal secreations, may develope dependance
Stool softners dosusate, has detergent action, used for prevention only
Loperamide Imodium
Loperamide derived from haloperidol, produces constripation
opiates opium tincture, codeine, diphenoxylate
opiates decrease transit rate, stimulate electrolyte absorption, produce naseau/vomiting/sedation
Antichoinergic agents atropine, scopolamine, methantheline, propantheline
Anticholinergic agents block smooth muscle response and reduces colonic cramping
Adsorbents Kaoling, pectin--nontoxic but less effective
Pepto-bismol inhibits prostaglandins in instestines and reduces secretions
cholinergic antagonists reduce vomiting from vestibular/labrynthine receptors; used to treat motion sickness
H1 receptor antagonists diphenhydramine[benadryl],meclizine,cyclizine,dimenhydritnate, promethazine
H1 receptor anagonists treat motion sickness, true vertigo, and nausea from prenancy, produces sedation and dry mouth
Cannabinoids dronabinol and nabilone
Cannabinoids taken orally or smoked, is psyhcoactive
Dopamine Antagonists work on chemoreceptor trigger zone, used for nausea in chemotherapy
Dopamine Antagonists metoclopramide, phenothiazines and butyrophenones
5- HT3 antagonists ondanestron, granisetron[kytril]
Created by: swohlers
Popular Pharmacology sets

 

 



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