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Earth's History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abiotic/Physical factors | non-living factors such as erosion,wind and sun exposure. |
| benthic | living at the bottom of the ocean of on the ocean floor |
| biological/biotic factors | body fossils |
| cast | casts are formed when sediment leaks into a mold and hardens to form a copy of the original structrue |
| compression | fossils formed when an organism is compressed, leaving a dark stain in the rock |
| coprolite | fossilized feces |
| decomposer | an organism that breaks down the tissue and/or structures of dead organisms |
| erosion | weathering or wearing away of rock and earth (and any fossils they contain caused by wind, sun, and/or water |
| fossil | the natural remains or traces of past life something considered to be a fossil id at least 10,000 years old |
| fossil record | all of the fossils that have existed throughout life's history, whether they have been found or not |
| groundwater | water found underground as a result of rainfall, ice and snow melt, submerged rivers, lakes, and sprngs |
| ichnology | the study of trace fossils |
| igneous rock | type of rock produced when molten magma cools and solidifies |
| inorganic | not containing carbon not from living things |
| impression | fossilized prints or marks made by a living thing, leaf prints, skin prints and footprints are good examples |
| intertidal | the coastal zone between the low and high tide mark where waves impact the land |
| metamorphic rock | rock produced when any type of rock is changed by heat, pressure, and chemical activity on earth |
| mineralization | the process whereby living material is replaced with minerals |
| mold | the impression of an organism left behind in the rock |
| paleontology | the study of past life |
| paleontologists | people who study fossils to learn about past life |
| plate tectonics | the concept that explains the movements of the earths crustal plates, sea floor spreading, and a number of other goelogical processes of the earths surface |
| rock cycle | the process through which type of rock( igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic) is converted one into another |
| scavenger | an organism that feeds on dead and dying organisms |
| sedimentary rock | rock that formed when layers of small particles compress and cement together |
| trace fossil | evidence left by organisms such as burrows, imprints, coporlites, or footprints |
| uplift | the process that causes part of the Earth's crust to rise above surrounding areas, this can cause layers of rock to be exposed |
| relative age | rock compared to the age of other rock |
| absolute age | number of years since the rock formed |
| law of superposition | used to determine sedimentary rock layers |
| extrusion | lava that hardens on the surface |
| intrusion | magma that hardens in large pockets beneath the surface |
| fault | break in earths crust |
| unconformity | a gap in the geological record |
| index fossils | fossils used to help date rocks around it |
| inclusion | a piece of rock that is contained in another rock |
| geology | the study of of the structure of the planet |
| uniformitarianism | states that the geological processes happening now happened in the past |
| magma | molten material beneath earths surface |
| lava | molten material on earths surface |
| atom | what all matter is made of |
| element | when all the atoms in a particular type of matter are the same |
| radioactive decay | when unstable elements break down into stable elements |
| half-life | how long it takes for half of the radioactive atoms to decay |
| geological time scale | a record of the life forms and geological events in history |
| era | the three long units between precambrian time and the present |
| periods | sub-divided eras |
| invertebrates | animals without backbones |
| vertebrate | animals with backbones |
| amphibian | an animal that lives part of its life in water and part of its life on land |
| reptiles | cold-blooded animals with scaly skin that lay eggs with tough, leathery shells |
| mass extinction | when many types of living things die out at the same time |
| mammal | warm blooded vertebrate that feeds its young milk |
Created by:
blundy616956
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