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GI Medications
Stack #215236
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Halitosis is a symptom of? | Often a symptom of something else |
| With Mouthwashes and Gargles be care ful of | Watch alcohol content |
| Hydrogen Peroxide Medications and use | Dilute before useInclude Peroxyl gel, PerimaxPerimax rinse used for gingivitis |
| Oral Candidiasis symptoms and disease process | Thrush, can get in GI, layrnx, pharynx, mouthWhite patchs, discomfort, weight loss, stop eating, dehyrdration |
| Thrush treatment | Nystatin, swish and swallowremember (all antifungals)- more is not better |
| Herpes Simplextreatment, how it works, and is given and storage | Acyclovir, if in suspension shake well, give with a full glass of water, protect from moisture, antiviral does not kill infection but helps body fight it off, lessens symptoms |
| Oral mucositis (chemotx, viral illness) Treatment | pain conttrol, chloraseptic, xylocaine viscousmagic mouthwash (numb mouth) |
| Disorders of the esophagus, stomach and small inttestine include | Barret's esophagus, achalasia, strictures(no real drug therapyGERD - acid refluxPeptic ulcer disease (H.pylori)Stress UlcersGastritisCentral neuropathy, gastroparesisanorexia |
| Drugs for Gerd and Peptic ulcer disease, goal and how? | decrease the effect of gastric acid on mucosa by neutralizing acids, decreasing acid production, cyttoprotectice agents |
| Gerd symptoms and teaching | Heartburn, substantial pain, nausea, couth with no respiratory reason / don't eat and lie down, no smoking, no tight fitting cloths, small frequent meals better , excersise/ |
| Foods tthat irritate GERD | tomato, alcohol, high fat foods, coffee, greens, high fiber, caffine, pepermint, smoking, acidic |
| Antacids, the great neutralizerprimary action | neutralize acids(normal gastric ph 3.5-5.5)rapid onset, short duration(don't give sugar base at same time)(give other meds 1 hr. before or 2 hrs. after) |
| Antacid: Be aware of metal ions in OTC meds | Tums, Rolaids- calcium(tums good for renal)malox, mylanta - aluminum, magnesium |
| Protton Pump Inhibitors: includes primary action | Panttoprazole, esomeprazole, protonix, prevacid / suppress acid secretion |
| PPI: special considerations protonix, prevacid | cannott be mixed with otther mmeds, give over 5 min. IV push, Iv piggyback not compattable with any other meds, flush before other meds (ns,protonix,ns) do not crush(prevacid if PEG meds) |
| PPI: side effects | headace, GI complaints, weakness |
| H2 receptor antagonistts: med.primary action | Ranitidine, famotidine (Pepcid) / inhibit gastric gland secrettion |
| H2 antagonists special considerations, 'tidine' pepcid | administer with food to decrease GI side effects |
| H2 antagonistss/e | dry mouth (famottidine) possible hypotension when given IVP |
| Eructation | Belching |
| Cytoprotective Agent meds | Bismuth compounds ( peptobismol, kaopectate)SucralfateMisoprostol (cytotec) |
| Cytoprotective AgentBismuth compoundspeptobismol, kaopectate | hard on the kidneys, protein bound, salicylate(watch coumadin, digoxin 'protein bound')contain asprin, no children |
| Cytoprotective AgentSucralfate used forspecial consiteration | Treatment of gastric ulcers, acts as a biologic dressing for erosion of mucosa / administer 1 hr. before or 2 hrs. after meals or other medications |
| Cytoprotective agentMisoprostol (cytotec)treatmentspecial considerations | prevention of ulcers related to NSAIDS / give with foods or right after meals, not given to pregnant women, will induce labor |
| H.Pylori is? and require what 3 medications | mostt diagnosed cause of pepttic ulcer disease / -antibiotic (tetracycline, metttronidazole)-PPI or H2 anttagonist-bismuch (peptto or kaopectate) |
| Antiemetics "prevent nausea and vomitingDoamine antagonistsand special consiterations | -promethazine, chlorpromazine, compazine, tigan-metoclopamideall meds in this class must be dilutted and administered slowly when given IV |
| Antiemetics Dopamine antagonists action and how given(promethazine 'phenergan', chlopromazine, compazine, tigan | Depress CNS and slow GI motility/PO, IM IV, Recttal |
| Antiemettics Dopamine antagonists (zine ttigan 'phenergan')/enursing interventionsspecial precautions | sedattion, constipations, EPS/safety, fluids, assessment/extravessettin 'caustic, meds infliltrate, arm and hand amputation' |
| antiemetics Dopamine antagonistsMetoclopramide action and how given | speeds gastric emptying and increases small bowel motility, blocks dopamine upttake/PO<IV |
| antiemetics dopamine antagonists metoclopramides/enursing intterventions | sedation, resttlessness, eps, or parkinsonian type symp. psycohological changes in elderly/safety, fluids, assessment |
| Antiemetics: Antticholinergics med, how givenaction | scopolamine (IV, transdermal)decrese GI secretions |
| Antiemeticsanttticholinergicss/e | cant see cant spitt, cantt pee, drys up body secretions |
| Antiemetics: Antihistamines medsaction | dimenhydrinate 'drmamine'act as anticholinergic agent |
| anticholinergic:antihistamine med, sside effectsnursing interventions | drowsiness, constipation, dry mouth(same as benadryl), depress CNS/safety, I&O, rehyrdration |
| Antiemeticsserotonin receptor antagonists '5ht3'action | indicated for n/v with chemo and posttoperatively |
| antiemeticsondastetron 'zofran'action, s/e, and how given | monitor liver enzymes/may cause bronchospasms/IV |
| antiemeticsdolasteron 'anzemet'how givens/enursing interventions | IV or PO/can cause HA and GI complaints, general weakness/watch cardiac conductivity, give with care to pt with low k levels |
| Still vommiting???miscellaneous agents | marionl-derivative of THCNabilone-cannabinoid but not THCSteroids - used for chemo and radiationBenzodiazipines 'ativan' specifially for chemo patients |
| given for gastroparesismetoclopramide | speeds up gastric emptyinggive before meals and att hsquick onset, short duration |
| given for gastroparesisdexpanthenol 'ilopan' much less common | given IM or POprevention of paralytic ileus post-ops/e prurittus, rash, respiratory diff, diarrhea |
| appettite stimulantscyproheptadine'periactin' | old, inexpensive oral medicationantihistamine classcautions: glaucomma, asthma, pregnancy, sedations and safety |
| Appetite stimulantsmegesterol acetate'megace' | actually a cheme agentcommes in tablet and oral suspensionincreased risk for DVT |
| Lower GI Disorders | IBD, 'crohns, ulcerattive colitis'DiarrheaConstipation |
| IBDsymp.diet | diarrhea!high fiber, high vit.IBS_periods of diarrhea nd periods of constipation |
| Diarrhea | increased frequency and fluidity of stools acute diarrhea is usually self limiting (virus)chronic diarrhea -f&E imbalance chronic |
| Constipation | difficultt infrequent defecation3 days no bm |
| Drugs for IMDImmmunosuppressants | Mesalamine 'chronic'Infliximab 'remmicade' crohnsadalimumab 'humira' |
| IBDmesalammine 'chronic' | given PO or rectal (AC & HS)different formulations timed to act in specific intestinal regionss/e GI, weaknes, rhinitis, pancreatitis |
| IBDInfliximab 'remicade' chrons | treatts intestinal lesions and the fistulas they cause given IV every 2-4 weekss/e h/a, facial flushing, tachyarrhythmias, during infusion |
Created by:
haleyowers
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