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Rose McDonald
wk 2 skin, eye, ear
| Question | Answer | Examples/treatments |
|---|---|---|
| What does the epidermis contains? | Melancytes (responsible for the pigmentation of the skin) | |
| Dermis | inner layer of the skin | |
| What does the dermis contains? | Fibroblasts(responsible for secreting collagen & elastin) | |
| What other major role does the dermis do? | maintaining body temperture | |
| Subcontanious Layer(Hypodermis) | stores adipost tissue(fat) & connected tissue | |
| Who many diseases & conditions is the skin prone to? | over 1000 in 9 catagories | |
| Rash | rednesss & inflammation | |
| Give two examples of an rash? | Contact Dermatitis(poison Ivy), Hives | |
| Eczema | inflammatory skin condition. Itching, redness, blistering and oozing. | |
| What are immunomodulators | Agents that affect the body's immune syster in some way | Ex. Elidel (pimecrolimus), Protopic (tacrolimus) |
| Psoriasis | non-contagious chronic skin disease. Rapid skin cell turn over, resulting in red, scaly skin. | |
| Until recently what was the treatment for Psoriasis? | they only managed pain and skin inflammation | |
| treatment for Psoriasis | GENERIC | ADMINSTATION |
| Enbrel | etanercept | subq. injectable |
| Remicade | infliximab | IV infusion |
| Amevive | Alefacept | IM or Infusion |
| Raptiva | efalizumab | Subq. once a wk |
| Elidel | Pimecrolimus | Oral |
| What % of U.S. population are affected by Psoriasis? | 2% | |
| There are 3 types of infection | Viral, fungal | Bacterial |
| Infection | invasion of pathogens into the body | affection occures when a pathogenic microbe is ableto multiply (colonize) |
| Examples of viral infections | Herpes simplex, warts, shingles(herpes zoster), chicken pox, measles | |
| What's the new drug used to treat genitla warts? | Aldara | imiquimod 5% cream |
| Genital warts are caused by: | HPV(Human Papilloma Virus)Most common STD. | STD(Sexually transmitted Disease |
| What is the most common Bacterial Infection? | Staphylocci, Streptocci, pseudomonas | Ex. Lime Disease, impetigo, folliculitis, and cellulitis |
| What are the treatment options? | topical or oral antibiotics | |
| Bactericidal | kills bacteria | |
| Bacteriostatic | inhibits the growth and/or reproduction of microorganisms | |
| Fungal infections | occur when normally harmless fungi gain entry into the skin rather than staying on the outer layer of the skin | |
| Fungal infections are ususlly external affecting | skin, hair, nails | EX. tinea pedis(athelet's foot), tinea crunis(jock itch) & ringworm |
| Acne | bacterial infection accompanied by an over production of sebum | |
| Sebum | oily substance produced by the sebaceous glands in the skin | |
| What are 2 catagories of acne | inflammation acne, non- inflammation acne | |
| Appoximatly what % of people and what age suffer from acne? | 85% and between the age of 12 & 24 | |
| Cellulitis | inflammation of the conective tissue of the skin | caused by stphylococcus or other bactrium |
| Parasitic Infections | caused by insects or worms that burrow into the skin to live and /or lay their eggs | EX. Scabies, lice common parasites |
| Tumors and cancerous growths | occur when skin cells multiply or reproduce faster than norma | Basal cell cricinoma, squamous cell caricinoma & malignant melanoma |
| benign | non-cancerous | |
| malignant | cancerous | |
| Basal cell carcinoma | is the most common and curable | |
| Squamous cell caricinoma | is the 2nd most common and accounts for 20% of all skin cancers | |
| malignant melanoma | is the deadliest form of skin cancer | |
| pancancerous conditions | Actinic Keratiosis(AK)or solar keratosis | |
| What % of AK Become cancerous? | 5% of AK's become squamous cell carcinoma | therefore, AK is considered to be a precursor to cancer |
| Carcimonia | malignant tumor | |
| miscellaneous skin conditionand diseases | hyperkeratosis-calluses, corns and warts | |
| wrinkles | caused by a breakdown of collagen and elastin | |
| Rosacea | a facial skin disorder accompanied by | reddness and inflammation and/or acne |
| spiderveins | broken blood vessels | |
| Burns | can be characterized by cause such as: | Thermal, chemical, electrical, friction, sunburn |
| Thermal | from contact with fire or heat | . |
| chemical | from contact with acids or bases | . |
| electrical | from contact with an electrial current | . |
| friction | from contact with harsh rubbing to the skin | . |
| sunburn | overexposure to sunlight | . |
| 1st degree burns | limited damage to the epidermus, characterized by redness and pain . | superficial |
| 2nd degree burns | damage to both the epidermis & dermis characterized by redness, blistering, mild to moderated edema & pain | moderate burns |
| 3rd degree burns | distruction of all the skin.characterized by a leathery, or dry white, brown or black appearance. Blistering doesn't occurq | critical burns ; grafts recommended |
| 4th degree burns | distruction of skin and underlying muscles, tendons, ligament & bone | CRITICAL BURNS; skin grafts required |
| What is the Rule Of9 | used to estimate the amount of body surface area that has been burned | . |
| head | 9% | . |
| chest and abdomen | 18% | . |
| upper-mid-low back and buttock | 18% | . |
| arm | 9% | . |
| leg | 18% | . |
| groin | 1% | . |
| Decubitus ulcers | known as pressure or "bed sores" an ulceration of the skin due t pressure | . |
| What area of the body is affected bedsores | 67% | hips and buttocks |
| Epidermis | Outmost & thinnest layer of the skin |
Created by:
rmcdonald
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