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Chapter 10 review
Chapter 10 review, buckle down and get set
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mid-ocean ridge | A long, undersea mountain chain that has steep, narrow valley at the center, that forms as magma rises from the Asthenosphere and creates new oceanic lithosphere, as plates move |
| Sea-floor spreading | The process by which new oceanic lithosphere forms as magma rises to earth surface and solidifys to a mid-ocean ridge |
| Paleomagnetism | The study of alignment of magnetic minerals in rocks, specifically as it relates to the reversal of earths magnetic poles, and the magnetic properties rock gained |
| Plate tectonics | The theory that explains how large pieces of the lithosphere, called plates, move and change shape |
| Lithosphere | The solid, outer layer of earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle |
| Asthenosphere | The solid, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere, made if mantle rock that flows very slowly, which allows tectonic plates to move on top of it |
| Divergent boundary | The boundary between tectonic plates that are moving away from eachother |
| Convergent boundary | The boundary between tectonic plates that are colliding |
| Transform boundary | The boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding by eachother horizontally |
| Rifting | The process by which earths crust breaks apart, can occur continental crust or oceanic crust |
| Terrane | A piece of lithosphere that has a unique geologic history and that may be part of a larger piece of lithosphere, such as a continent |
| Supercontinent cycle | The process by which supercontinents form and break apart over millions of years |
| Pangea | The super continent that formed 300million years ago and that began to break up 250 million years ago |
| Panthalassa | The single, large ocean that covered earths surface during the time of the super continent Pangea existed |
| Ridge push | Ridge push force is a discussed mechanism for plate motion in plate tectonics. Because mid-ocean ridges are at a higher elevation than the rest of the ocean floor, gravity causes the ridge to push on the lithosphere that recedes farther from the ridge. |
| Slab pull | Slab pull is the bit of motion of a tectonic plate that can be accounted for by its subduction. Plate motion is partly driven by the weight of cold, dense plates sinking into the mantle at trenches. |
| Mesozoic era | Mesozoic Era lasted about 180 million years, and is divided into three periods, the Triassic, the Jurassic, and the Cretaceous. |
| Rift | a crack, split, or break in something. |
| Oceanic crust | the relatively thin part of the earth's crust that underlies the ocean basins. It is geologically young compared with the continental |
| Continental crust | The continental crust is the layer of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks that forms the continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores, known as continental shelves. |
| Geological history |
Created by:
Thedarkmessiah
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