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plant clades
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| clade plantae includes what 4 groups | unicellular groups, red algae, green plants and land plants |
| what is the synapomorphie for plantae | chloroplasts obtained by primary endosymbiosis |
| what is the synapomorphies for green plants | 1. chlorophyll b; starch storage |
| what are the synapomorphies for land plants (5) | protected embryo; cuticle; multicellular sporophyte; gametangia; thick-walled spores |
| ______ ________ are the sister taxa to land plants | green algae |
| are green algae monophyletic | no |
| sister to the rest of plants | glaucophytes |
| what do all glaucophytes share | peptidoglycan between inner and outer membrane |
| what ties together all red algae | use red as a photosynthetic pigment; aquatic (marine and fresh) |
| largest clade of "green algae" (green algae are not monophyletic) | chlorophytes |
| sister to streptophytes | chlorophytes |
| how are chlorophytes found | multicellular, unicellular, colonial |
| clade that contains land plants and a few green algae | streptophytes |
| what are the clades of land plants in short | non=vascular plants; vascular plants - weed plants |
| what synapomorphy do all land plants have except liverworts | stomata |
| what do all non-vascular land plants have a synapomorphy | stomata |
| what synapomorphy do all vascular plants share | tracheids (vascular cellls); branching independent sporophyte; rooting structures |
| what is the synapomorphy of all seed plants | seeds |
| what is the synapomorphy of all angiosperms | flowers; double fertilization |
| what taxa are apart of the "non vascular plants" | liverworts, mosses, hornworts |
| no vascular tissue or tracheas; gametophyte dominant; rhizoids; stomata - mosses and hornworts | nonvascular plants |
| vascular tissue, small gametophyte | vascular plants - club moss, fern, and seed plants clades |
| what do gymnosperm and angisperm clades have in common | pollen and seeds |
| gymnosperms are also called _________ ________ plants because of early ________ and __________ | naked seed; seeds and pollen |
| angiosperms are also called ______ _______ clade | flowering plant |
| fruits and flowers; double fertilization | angiosperms |