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Psych 495 Ch 1 Defs
Definitions from Chapter 01
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| culture | a unique meaning and information system, shared by a group and transmitted across generations, that allows the group to meet basic needs of survival, pursue happiness and wellbeing and derive meaning from life |
| group privilege | an unearned favor state conferred simply because of race, gender, social class or sexual orientation; corrollary to discrimination |
| stereotypes | beliefs and opinions about the characteristics, attributes and behaviors of members of various groups |
| prejudice | an attitude directed toward people because they are members of a specificsocial group |
| discrimination | treating people differently from others primarily based on membership in a social group |
| interpersonal discrimination | when one person treats another unfairly because of the person's group membership |
| organizational discrimination | when the practices, rules and policies of formal organizations, such as corporations or government agencies, have discriminatory outcomes |
| institutional discrimination | when norms, policies and practices associated with a social institution (eg. family, religious organization, education system) result in different outcomes for members of different groups |
| cultural discrimination | when the group in power rewards those values that correspond to its cultural values and punishes those that do not |
| classism | prejudice due to social class |
| social class | a person's place in social hierarchy, strongly indicated by wealth |
| scientific racism | interpretation of research results to show minority group(s) in a negative light |
| psychodynamic theory | the theoretical point of view that prejudice is a social problem stemming from irrational and unjustifiable beliefs and behaviors |
| sociocultural theory | the theoretical point of view that culture provides stereotypes and that the patterns of those stereotypes are consistently linked to prejudice across time and regions |
| intergroup relations theory | the theoretical point of view that prejudice derives from perceptions of competition with other groups |
| cognitive theory | the theoretical point of view that stereotyping is a normal process for reducing a complex stimulus world to a manageable level |
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