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Pharmacology

Valdeny Article

QuestionAnswer
Liver size and blood flow decreases with age by __ to ___% 17-46
The CYP system metabolizes over ______ of all drugs? half
Why are older adults at higher risk for CYP450-related drug interactions and adverse effects? because of polypharmacy
The CYP3A4 isozyme decline by approximately ___% annualy. 8
Why is the decline of the CYP3A4 isozyme clinically relevant? Because more than 50% of drugs metabolized by the CYP system require the CYP3A4 isozyme.
Renal function declines by __ to __% with age. 35-50
Creatinine clearance in older adults id a good measure for what? glomerular filtration rate
T or F. For older adults lower doses of opioids are recommended. True
Acetaminophen increases hepatic toxicity if the total amount exceeds_________. 4 grams in 24 hours
Antihistamines, antipsychotics, antidepressants, antihypertensives, anticonvulsants, and opiods are considered to be _____ depressants. CNS
What is the most common hypnotic used by older adults? benzodiazepine
Acutely benzodiazepines can cause what? anterograde amnesia, delirium, paradoxical agitation
Chronic use of benzodiazapine can result in what? falls and resultant fractures
the most prevalent form of drug induced osteoporosis is caused by which drug? glucocorticoids
The elderly make up ___% of the population yet consume ____ of prescription meds and over _____ of OTC meds. 12, one third, half
In elderly patients, are the effects of drugs longer or shorter in duration and why? longer due to the decrease in hepatic and renal function
In elderly patients, are the effects of drugs more or less dramatic? more
Created by: txst spr 2009
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