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Radiographic Physics

Johnston, 1st ed: Chapter 2

QuestionAnswer
The mass of an atom is primarily due to the mass of the _____. Nucleus.
The earliest atomic theory is generally associated with _______. Leucippus.
The component of the nucleus that has mass but no electrical charge is the ______. Neutron.
If a particle strikes a nucleus with the same amount of energy as the atom's nuclear binding energy what can happen? It can split the atom.
The simplest form of the substances that form matter is the _______. Element.
The word "atom" is derived from the Greek word "atomos", meaning ____________. Indivisible.
Discovery of the electron is attributed to ___________. Thomson.
The most commonly known modern atomic theory was developed by __________. Bohr.
The three fundamental particles of the atom are the ______, ___________, and the _________. Neutron, electron, and proton.
The atomic nucleus contains _______ and _______. Protons, neutrons
The component of the nucleus that has a positive charge and mass is the _________. Proton.
The fundamental component of the atom that has the smallest mass is the ___________. Electron.
If an atom has more protons than electrons it will have a ___________ charge. Positive.
If an atom has more electrons that protons it will have a ___________ charge. Negative.
If an atom has the same number of electrons and protons it will be electrically __________. Neutral.
When an atom becomes negatively or positively charged it is usually due to a change in the number of _________. Electrons.
A positive ion is an atom with more _________ than __________. Protons, electrons.
The force that holds the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus is the _______ __________. Binding energy.
The electrons stay in orbit around the nucleus because of their attraction to the __________. Protons.
The electron binding energy depends on what two necessary items? Proximity to the nucleus; # of protons in the nucleus.
The electron shell closest to the nucleus is lettered ______. K.
The "L" shell can hold _______ electrons. 8.
Except for the "K" shell, the maximum number of electrons that can be in the outermost shell of an atom is _________. 8.
The rule that dictates that the outermost shell can have no more than 8 electrons is the ___________. Octet rule.
If an atom has 15 electrons, which will be the outermost shell? M.
The number of protons in an atom's nucleus is reflected in its _______. Atomic number.
The number of protons and neutrons in the atom's nucleus is the __________ __________ ___________. Atomic mass number.
Two or more atoms that bond together form a(n) __________. Compound.
A compound consists of at least ________ elements. Two.
When the bond between two atoms is due to their sharing an outer-shell electron, this is called a __________ bond. Covalent.
When the bond between two atoms is due to one atom giving up an electron and the other atom gaining an electron, it is called a ___________ bond. Ionic.
The outermost shell of an atom is called the _________ shell. Valence.
Created by: djhughes
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