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Spine Anatomy
Arthrology Lecture 2/17/ 2009
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are joints of the vertebral bodies/ discs called? | intervertebral jts |
| Joints of the vertebral processes are called? | facet jts |
| Intervertebral discs are found between what levels of the spine? | C2-S1 |
| Fibrocartilage seperated from body of vertebrae by hyaline cartilage describes what structure? | cartilaginous end plate |
| Secondary cartilage means? | remains cartilagenous in adulthood |
| No blood supply and no innervation describe what part of the IV disc? | nucleus pulposus |
| This part of the IV disc attaches to cartilaginous endplates and outer 1/3 has blood supply and innervation. | annulus fibrosis |
| Facet joints are ____ synovial joints | plane |
| What are the 3 components of a synovial joint? | joint capsule, synovial membrane, and articular cartilage. |
| Where is the atlanto-occipital joint located? | between the atlas and occiput |
| What type of jt is the A-O jt? | synovial condyloid joint |
| What mvmt does the A-O jt allow for? | head nodding |
| Where is the atlanto-axial jt located? | between atlas and axis |
| The A-A has ___ median and ___ lateral joint. | 1 median, 2 lateral |
| What cervicle jt allows for 55-58% of head rotation? | atlanto-axial jt |
| This atlanto axial jt is a synovial pivot jt. | median jt |
| This atlanto axial jt is a synovial plane jt. | lateral jts |
| The medial atlanto-axial jt is made up of what vertebral structures? | anterior arch of atlas C1 and dens of C2 |
| What vertebral structures make up the lateral jt of the A-A jt? | lateral masses of C1 and superior facet of C2 |
| This lig runs from the atlas' ant tubercle to the sacrum | anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) |
| The ALL attaches to the ____ surface of the vertebral ___ and ___. | anterior, bodies and discs |
| What mvmt is the ALL designed to limit | excessive extension |
| Which is stronger the AlL or the PLL and by how much? | the ALL is 2x stronger |
| This ligament is continuos superiorly as the anterior atlanto-occipital membrane. | ALL |
| The A-O membrane attaches to what? | anterior arch of atlas, and anterior margin of foramen magnum |
| This ligament attaches to the posterior vertebral bodies from C2-S1. | posterior ongitudinal ligament (PLL) |
| This ligament continues superiorly as the tectorial membrane. | PLL |
| Which ligament ALL or PLL is designed to resist flexion? | PLL |
| The tectorial membrane attaches to what? | posterior surface of dens, and anterior edge of foramen magnum |
| What are the ligaments of the vertebral arches (5)? | ligamentum flavum, supraspinous ligament, ligamentum nuchae, interspinous ligament, and intertransverse ligaments |
| This ligament connects to lamina from C2-C5, is 80% elastin and 20% collagen. | ligamentum flavum |
| What gives the ligamentum flavum its yellow color? | the 80% elastin component |
| The yellow ligament countiues superiorly as what? | the posterior O-A membrane and the posterior A-A membrane. |
| The posterior A-O membrane attaches to what? | the posterior arch of the atlas and posterior margin of foramen magnum. |
| This ligament connects to the tips of SPs C7 to approx L3/4 and is well developed in the lumbar spine. | Supraspinous Lig |
| The supraspinous lig countinues superiorly as the ___ ____. | ligamentum nuchae |
| This lig offers little resistance fo seperation of SPs, however there is little consensus on this information. | supraspinous ligament |
| This lig extends from C7 to external occipital protuberance and its exact role is not yet determined. Thought to be involved with A/P stability. | ligamentum nuchae |
| This ligament connects the vertebral spines and offers litle resistance to fexion. | interspinous ligaments |
| This ligament connects to the TPs, is well developed in the lumbar spine, seperates ant and post mm of spine, and ability to limit lateral flexion is thought but questionable. | intertransverse ligaments |
| Where are the jt capsules strongest in the spine? | at the transition regions of the spine |
| What lig is found at the A-A median jt? | Cruciform (cruciate) ligament, transverse and longitudinal. |
| The transverse component of the cruciform lig goes around the ____. | dens |
| The longitudinal bands of the cruciform lig attach to. | foramen magnum and the axis |
| This component of the cruciform lig prevents anterior displacement of C1 and C2. | transverse lig |
| What two populations have to be considered when treating area of upper spine? | Downs syndrom and RA. |
| Loss of integrity of this lig in an absolute referal with not treatment in cervical spine. | transverse lig |
| Which would be damaged first if there were an injury at C1 C2 juncion, the dens or the trans lig? | the dens |
| The alar ligaments attach where? | the dens to the medial surface of occipital condyles. |
| Alar lig limits A-A ____. | rotation |
| What structures in the vertebral column limit ROM and need to be considered when assessing motion? | IV discs, shape/orientation of jt, capsule, and ligaments. |
Created by:
txst spr 2009
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