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Modalities
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What would you increase to achieve Sensory TENS instead of Motor TENS | Frequency |
| Physiological effect of general heat application | Inc: CO, metabolic rate, pulse, RR, vasodilation Dec: BP, blood to internal organs, SV |
| Contraindications to superficial thermotherapy | Dec circulation, malignant tumors |
| Indications for Whirlpool or Hubbard tank | decubitus ulcers, open burns and wounds, postsurgical conditions of the hip, subacute and chronic MSK conditions, RA. |
| Contraindications for Whirlpool | bleeding, cardiac instability, bowel incontinence |
| Precaution/Contraindication to Aquatic Therapy | Unprotected (uncovered) open wounds, unstable BP |
| Physiological effects of general cold application | Dec: metabolic rate, pulse, RR, venous blood pressure Inc: blood flow to internal organs, CO, SV, arterial blood pressure |
| Contraindications to Cryotherapy | Cryoglobulinemia, paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria, over regenerating peripheral nerves |
| Contraindications to Contrast Baths | Advanced arteriosclerosis, arterial insufficiency |
| When is continuous US used? | chronic conditions, has thermal effects |
| When is pulsed US used? | acute soft tissue injuries. Has non-thermal effects. Low intensity, pulsed US for wound care. |
| What mode for phonophoresis? | Pulsed: 20% |
| Weight (CS) and %BW (LS) required for soft tissue using traction | CS: 12-15lbs, LS: 25% BW |
| What type of current is used during iotophoresis? | continuous direct current |
| Salicylate | pain relief (-) |
| lithium | gout (+) |
| lidocaine | pain relief (+) |
| acetate | calcium deposits (-) |
| copper | fungal infections (+) |
| magnesium or calcium | muscle spasm (+) |
| hydrocortisone | anti-inflammation (+) |
| iodine | soften scars (-) |
| dexamethasone | anti-inflammation (-) |
| zinc | dermal ulcers (+) |
| Settings, uses for Conventional TENS | (high rate) high frequency (75-120 pps), short pulse width (50-100 microseconds), low intensity. Temporary relief of acute or chronic pain. |
| Acupuncture-like TENS | (strong, low rate). Low frequency, wide pulse width, higher intensities than conventional TENS. Chronic conditions. |
| Brief Intense TENS | high pulse rate, long pulse width. Short term pain relief for painful procedures (i.e. wound debridement) |
| Burst mode TENS | combines characteristics of both high and low rate TENS. Used if patient can't tolerate Low rate TENS. |
| High-voltage pulsed monophasic stimulation | indication: denervated muscles, dec pain, dec edema, wound healing |
| Use of FES w/ innervated muscle | Alternating Current |
| Use of FES w/ denervated muscle | Direct current that is interrupted w/ a long pulse width |
| What is duty cycle. How does it change w/ muscle atrophy? | current "on" time vs. "off" time. Ratio should increase as muscle atrophy increases to prevent fatigue. Min atrophy= 1:1, Severe atrophy 1:5 |
| Chronaximetry | the minimal amount of time that a current must be on in order to produce a minimal muscle contraction. The lower the # of milliseconds the greater the nerve's excitability. |
| Indication of denervation on Strength-duration curve | a steep, continuous curve displaced to the R |
Created by:
adparr
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