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Force Motion, Energy
Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Energy | the ability to do work |
Light Energy | energy that is carried in light waves; one primary source is the sun |
Sound Energy | energy that is caused by vibrations and travels through the air in waves |
Thermal Energy | energy that is the random motion of molecules (measured by temperature…the faster the molecules move, the hotter something is). |
Electrical Energy | energy that is powered by a form of electricity, such as a battery or a wall socket |
Mechanical Energy | energy of movement |
Potential Energy | non-moving energy (ex. stretched elastic, chemicals such as batteries, etc.) |
Kinetic Energy | moving energy (ex. light, sound, electrical, mechanical, etc.) |
Circuit | a path through which electrical currents (electricity) flows |
Parallel Circuit | an electrical current that has more than one path that it can travel on |
Series Circuit | an electrical current that travels in one path |
Conductor | a substance that easily carries the flow of electrons |
Insulator | any material that will not carry the flow of electricity, an example is a rubber cover on a wire protecting you against an electrical shock |
Reflection | the bouncing of light from a surface |
Refraction | light traveling through an object causing it to slow down and bend |
Transparent | easy to see through (clear) |
Translucent | only allows some light to flow through; not clear |
Opaque | no light is let through (can’t see through it at all) |
Force | a push or pull that causes an object to move, stop, or change direction |
Gravitation | the force that pulls all objects in the universe toward one another |
Friction | a force that opposes, or acts against, motion when two surfaces rub against each other |
Magnetism | the force of repulsion (pushing) or attraction (pulling) between poles of magnets |