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9th Physical Science

Chapter 19 Review

TermDefinition
Coefficient number in a chemical equation that represents the number of units of each substance taking part in a chemical reaction
Chemical equation shorthand method used to describe chemical reactions using chemical formulas and other symbols
Molar mass the mass in grams of one mole of a substance
Mole SI unit for quantity equal to 6.022 x 10-23 units of that substance
Products in a chemical reaction, the new substance or substances formed
Reactants in a chemical reaction, the substance that reacts
Precipitate insoluble compound that is formed in a solution during a double-displacement reaction
Oxidation the loss of electrons from the atoms of a substance in a chemical reaction
Reduction the gain of electrons by the atoms of a substance in a chemical reaction
Endergonic reaction chemical reaction that requires energy input in the form of light, thermal energy or electricity in order to proceed
Endothermic reaction chemical reaction that requires thermal energy in order to proceed
Exergonic reaction chemical reaction that releases some form of energy, such as light or thermal energy
Exothermic reaction chemical reaction in which energy is primarily given off in the form of thermal energy
Catalyst substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being permanently changed
Collision model explains why certain factors affect reaction rates, states that particles must collide in order to react
Equilibrium state in which forward and reverse reactions or processes occur at equal rates
Inhibitor substance that slows down a chemical reaction or prevents it from occurring by combining with a reactant
Le Chatelier's principle states that if a stress is applied to a reaction at equilibrium, the reaction shifts in the direction opposite of the stress
Reaction rate the rate at which reactants change into products in a chemical reaction
Reversible reaction a reaction that can proceed in both the forward and the reverse directions
Created by: LeMay1
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