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phase Changes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| • Altitude | – vertical distance, or elevation, above sea level. |
| • Boil – | change from a liquid to a gas. |
| .• Boiling point¬ | – the temperature at which boiling occurs. o At sea level, the boiling point of water is 100 °C (212 °F). o Water boils at lower temperatures at higher altitudes because air pressure is lower there. |
| • Freeze | change from a liquid to a solid |
| • Freezing point | the temperature at which freezing occurs. o At sea level, the freezing point of water is 0 °C (32 °F). |
| • Gas | – a phase in which matter has no definite shape or volume. |
| • Gas Properties | - will expand to fill any container; can be compressed; molecules relatively far apart and move freely. |
| • Water Vapor | – water in the gas phase |
| • Liquid – | a phase in which matter has definite volume but no definite shape. |
| liquid properties | • - will take the shape of a container but cannot expand or be compressed; molecules in a liquid move randomly but stay close to one another. |
| • Melt | change from a solid to a liquid. |
| .• Melting point | the temperature at which melting occurs. o At sea level, the melting point of ice is 0 °C (32 °F). |
| • Phase | a state of matter with certain physical properties. o Solid, liquid, and gas phases occur naturally on Earth. o Plasma is a phase found in stars. |
| • Solid – | a phase in which matter has a definite shape and a definite volume. |
| • Solid properties | will retain the same shape and volume in any container; atoms are held in a rigid structure and cannot move freely. |
| • Ice | water in the solid phase |
| • Thermal Energy | – Energy in the form of heat |
| • Vaporization | rapid change from liquid to gas |
| • Condensation | change from gas to liquid |
| • Sublimation | – change from solid to gas |
| • Evaporation | slow change from liquid to gas |
| • Deposition | – change from gas to solid |