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Sleep Psych
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Alpha Activity | Restful state while awake, before sleep, long train of waves, can get from visual cortex while eyes are closed |
| What does REM sleep help? | cognitive growth |
| What does slow wave sleep | resting and rebuilding, body |
| When does slow wave sleep occur | 1st half of the night |
| Ultradian Rhythm | 90 minute biological rhythm and controls day dreaming |
| Who is most aroused/awake | 10 year olds/before puberty |
| What time is there a lot of sleepiness | 3pm |
| What happens between 4 and 5 hours of sleep received | If you get below 5 you will be miserable the next day (between 4-5) |
| Ducks, Dolphins and whales and other birds... | can sleep one hemisphere at a time |
| Reptiles Sleep | Most of nonrem sleep symptoms, eeg modulated, typical posture, tortuse shows some rem sleep, quiet period |
| Bird Sleep | Some rem sleep may have evolved from fish and progressed |
| Accidna | Combined REM sleep beyond the cortex at brain stem level (egg laying) |
| Platypus | Both REM and NREM sleep (nocternal egg laying) they have rem sleep cuz they have eggs |
| Infradian | Longer than a day, menstruel and seasonal rhythms |
| Circadian | Little longer than a day, first study on plants-still open up w/o sunlight, gets weaker as we grow older |
| Zeitgebers | cues that entrain circadian rhythm to 24 hours, bright light is most important, Social interacting, |
| Amplitude | decreases as we get older |
| Kleitman and RIchardson's Quarters in Mammoth Cave | Tested 28 and 21 hour cycles, controlled everything: body temp, Older guy didn't adjust and stayed on 24hour, sleepiest when body temp is lowq |
| Sleep Deprevation | 3 weeks is max of no sleep, uses up energy and lowers body temp |
| Circadian Oscillation of Vigilance States | |
| Entrained | lowest temp is towards end (90 minutes before you awake) |
| Growth Hormone | released when you sleep and doesn't have its own rhythm, associated with slow wave sleep/first half of night |
| Cortisol | Increases during sleep and released more during REM sleep, |
| 20 minute day | 7 min to sleep and 14 minutes awake, compresses the sleep cycle, the rhythms still exist/cycle and same proportions |
| Menstrual Cycle | SLeep better in ludial phase (from ovulation to mestration) and phollicular phase: after menstration to ovulation |
| Luteal Phase (menstral cycle) | Daytime sleepiness is greater ovulation to menstration |
| Pollicular phase (menstral cycle) | After menstration back to ovulation, better sleep quality and less variable |
| Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) | Place in brain that controls all circadian rhythms, close to optic chiasm |
| Optic Chiasm | Way we organize the viusal field, parts go to left and right hemisphere and cross the optic chiasm |
| Pineel Gland | Gland that releases melatonin, surprssed by light and released during night |
| Advanced Sleep Phase Syndrome | Go to bed before normal time, wake up earlierBeing a lark (wake up early) |
| Delay Sleep Phase Syndrome | Go to bed after normal time (later like you can't get to sleep) and sleep in later (owls) |
| What color light has biggest affect on circadian rhythm? | Blue light, strong with the sun |
| Circadian Rhythm Disorder(Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder) | Going to bed later, more in young people, sleepy in morning, Treated: light therapy (show light AFTER nadir) chronotherapy(adjusting sleep schedule around clock), CBTi (cognitive behaviral interventions |
| Circadian Rhythm Disorder (Advanced... | Going to bed earlier, wake earlier, in elderly, Light therapy (show light BEFORE nadir) and CBTi |
| Non-entrained Type of Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder | Free running rhythm that does not entrain, seen in individuals with retinal blindness, treated by: melatonin and sleep scheduling |
| Entraiment | We are all entrained to go to bed and wake up at the same time |
| Irregular Sleep-Wake Type of Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder | No pattern to the sleep-wake rhythm, Normal TST per 24 hours, Seen in infants and people w/ diffuse brain damage |
| Jet Lag Disorder | Temporary mismatch between local time and the sleep-wake rhythm, more when traveling east across time zones, There are melatonin supplements. |
| Shift Work Disorder | Characterized by complaints of insomnia or excessive sleepiness that occur in relation to work hours scheduled during the usual sleep period |
| Sleep in Infants | They sleep 2/3 of day, 50% in Rem and 50% NREM, REM sleep is longest during infancy, sleep pattern starts to develop at 3 to 4 months |
| Active Sleep | grows and develops into REM sleep, premature babies have higher % of active sleep, is highly important for the development of the brain |
| Sleep Span decreases as you get older | Stays the same after early adolescnce, 20-25% and same for old and middle aged people |
| Fragmented sleep | Older people (harder to get back to sleep) and as you get older the less slow wave (Stage 3 and 4) you get. |
| Slow wave sleep | Low frequency and High AmplitudeStage 3 and 4 |
| Men vs. Women sleep | Men tend to lose slow wave sleep before women do, parrallel to life expectancy |
| As you get older... | Over 65 your amplitude drops, and more awakenings |
| Sleep Amount in... | 5 yr olds: more than 9 hours of sleep, 10 year olds: stays the same. 15 years: 8 hours of sleep, and after is less than 8 |
| Does sleep Latency change as you get older? | Not very much |
| Stage 1 | More when your younger and more when your really old |
| Bimodal distribution | Sleep attempts occur during night and afternoon when we are not already asleep |
| Twilight Zone | College students during every oppurtunity for MSLT, and that is considered Clinically Sleepy |
| TST | Total sleep time: increases in early teens, decreases after that |
| Co-Sleeping | Larger cities have more co-sleepers, |
| Definition of Sleep across Species | Homeostatic, Behavioral quiet period, and change in responsiveness, reversible |
| Behavioral Quiet Period | Debate that it might be sleep but, some people don't have it or animals have it |
| What sounds are you most responsive to? | Name |
| Other criteria to define sleep | Typical Posture, EEG modulation to distinguish wake from sleep, EEG difference indicating different stages of sleep. |
| Measure Sleep | Diaries/Logs, Polysonography, Retrospective quiestionarres, observer ratings, movement (actigraphy), responses to external stimuli, PSG |
| Polysomnography | PSG, "Gold standard" of sleep measurement, EEG, EMG, EOG, |
| Lienstien SAD | Test to see how well you respond to external stimuli. |
| Wake | Relaxed Alpha EEG, 8-12 hz |
| Stage 1 | 5-10%, Theta EEG waves, slow-ROLLING EYE MOVEMENT, 3-7hz, mixed frequency, and low voltage |
| Stage 2 | 50%, sleep spindles, k complexes |
| Sleep Spindle | Burst of EEG activity, at least .5 seconds and 12-14 |
| K complex | Large negative and postive deflection, greater than 75 mic |
| Stage 3 | Just like stage 4, slow wave sleep, delta waves, 20-50% delta eeg waves, 15-20% of the sleep cycle |
| Stage 4 | same as 3, advanced equipment to see |
| REM Behavioral Disorder | Act out your dreams |
| Alpha Activity | Restful state while awake, before sleep, train of waves that you can get from your visually cortex while your eyes are closed |
| EOG | Measure above one eye and below the other |
| What does REM sleep help | Cognitive growth |
| Slow wave sleep helps | Rest and rebuild body |
| What time is there a lot of sleepiness in the day | Afternoon dip 3:00 |
| Slow wave sleep occurs more... | during 1st half of night |
| Ultradian Rhythm | controls day dreaming rhythm, 90 minutes about |
| Most aroused and awake | Before puberty |
Created by:
cmeiers
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