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Periodic Table
Science Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| mass | the materiel/stuff that matter is made up of - it can be measured |
| space/volume | the specific area/place matter takes up |
| density | D=m/v the amount of mass in a specific volume of space |
| atom | smallest part of an element, the building blocks of all matter |
| electon | particle of an atom with negative charge, moves all around the nucleus and has an attractive force that allows it to bond with other atoms creating everything in the universe |
| proton | particle of an atom with a positive charge located inside the nucleus |
| neutron | particle of an atom with a neutral /no charge located inside the nucleus along with the proton |
| Periodic Table | large grid that identifies and classifies all of the elements by their chemical and physical properties |
| element | the simplest substances that cannot be broken down / they make up all matter in the universe |
| periods/rows | rows that tell how many energy levels each elements has for the electrons to move around |
| groups or family/columns | columns that tell how many valence electrons each element has / the number of electrons that can move on its outer shell /energy level |
| valence electrons | the electrons that move on the outer shell / energy level of an atom |
| atomic number | how many protons an element has inside the nucleus / usually is same number of neutrons and electrons |
| atomic mass | the measurement of the mass for an elements atoms |
| chemical property | the ability of substances to combine with one another forming new and different compounds and molecules |
| physical property | the state of matter and appearance of a substance |
| ionic bond | when elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding |
| Covalent bond | when elements share electrons during bonding |
| chemical change/reaction | elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction and change |
| compound/molecule | two or more elements combine together in a specific ratio/pattern creating a whole, new and different substance |
| mixture | two or more substances combine together keeping their original properties, they do NOT change into a news substance /compound |
| Nobel gasses | all of the elements in Group #18 - they are the most stable elements because they have eight electrons in their outer shell |
| halogens | all of the elements in group #17- they are very reactive bonding easily with group #1 because they have seven valence electrons and want to be stable |
| Alkali Metals | all of the elements in group #1- they are very reactive because they have only one valance electron. |
| metalloids | elements between metal and non-metal that can react either way, they have 3-7 valence electrons. |
| endothermic | chemical change that absorbs energy |
| exothermic | chemical reaction that releases energy |
Created by:
avamicheau
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