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Test 7: Chapters 4,5
Energy and Machines
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The relationship among mass, force, and acceleration is explained by which law? | Newton's 2nd Law of Motion |
| Newton's first law is also called the Law of _____. | Inertia |
| Acceleration is rate of change of ____. | Velocity |
| A feather will fall through the air more slowly than a brick because of _____. | Air resistance |
| The relationship among speed, distance, and time is _____. | S=d/t |
| When you graph the motion of an object, you put ____ on the horizontal axis and ____ on the vertical axis. | time, distance |
| For any object, the greater the force that's applied to it, the greater its ____ will be. | acceleration (F=m*a) |
| The statement "to every action there is an equal and opposite reaction" is ____. | Newton's 3rd Law |
| When two balls collide, the momentum of the balls after the collision is explained by ____. | The Law of Conservation of Momentum |
| Newton's first law of motion states that an object remains at rest unless a(n) ____ force acts on it. | Unbalanced |
| The kinetic energy of an object increases as its ____ increases. | Velocity (KE= 1/2m*v2) |
| Increasing the speed of an object ____ its potential energy. | does not change (PE= mgh) |
| The SI unit for energy is the ____. | Joule |
| You can calculate kinetic energy by using the equation ____. | KE (J) = 1/2 m (kg) * v2 (m2/s2) |
| You can calculate gravitational potential energy by using the equation ____. | GPE (J) = m (kg) * 9.8 m/s2 * h (m) |
| According to the law of conservation of energy, the total amount of energy in the universe ____. | remains constant |
| A device that does work with only one movement and changes the size or direction of a force is a(n) ____. | Simple machine |
| The amount by which a machine multiplies an effort force is called the ____. | mechanical advantage |
| When two or more simple machines work together, they are called a(n)____. | Compound machine |
| The unit of power is the ____. | Watts |
| Machines make tasks easier by changing either the magnitude or the direction of the _____ needed. | force |
| 6 types of simple machines | Lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, wedge, screw |
| At what point on a roller coaster is the gravitational potential energy (GPE) the lowest? | at the lowest point (Highest kinetic energy) |
| What kind of energy is store by green plants? | Chemical energy (Glucose from photosynthesis) |
| ____________________ is a measure of how much of the work put into a machine is changed to useful work put out by the machine. | Efficiency |
| You can determine how much energy various foods can give you by checking their ____________________ content. | Calorie |
| According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can change ____________________, but it cannot be created or destroyed under ordinary conditions. | Forms |
| Efficiency equation | Output work (J) / Input work (J) * 100 |
| Work equation | Work (Joules)= Applied Force (N) * Distance (m) |
| The average kinetic energy of an object's atoms or molecules is _____. | Temperature |
| The transfer of energy that does NOT require matter is ____. | Radiation |
| Energy from the Sun travels to Earth as ____. | Radiant energy |
| The transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles that make up matter, (direct contact) | Conduction (touching a hot stove) |
| The transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movements of warmer or cooler fluid. (currents in fluids) | Convection (ceiling fan) |
| Thermal energy that flows from something at a higher temperature to something at a lower temperature is _____. | Heat |
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kbordelon2
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