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ch. 9 zoology

zoology notes for chapter 9 sponges

QuestionAnswer
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Porifera means pore-bearing
Domain Eukarya
What enters through pores bringing in food and oxygen? Water
Osculum Large opening at the top where excess water leaves.
Sessile As adults attach to rocks.
Dipleurula Free-swimming larval stage.
Fragmentation Pieces break off and form a new sponge.
Hollow Inside body cavity of sponge.
What is the outer? Epidermis
What is the inner? Endoderm
Mesenchyme or mesohyl Jelly-like material between cell layers.
Choanocytes Line the gastrovascular cavity and capture food.
Amebocytes Digest and distribute food.
Flagella Spins to pull in water and food.
Collar Traps plankton (food) from water.
Spongin Skeleton made of network of protein fibers.
Spicules Are hard spears or star-shaped structures.
Regenerate Sponges can regrow lost body parts through mitotic cell division (asexual).
Hermaphrodites Produce both eggs and sperm which are formed from choanocytes.
Sponges reproduce what? Sexually by releasing eggs and sperm into the water from the osculum.
Gemmules Specialized buds (asexual reproduction) made to survive harsh weather (hot or cold).
What do the gemmules contain? Contain food, amebocytes, and a protective covering of spicules.
Diffusion Water currents bring food and oxygen to a sponge. The removal of waste and gas exchange.
Ascon Simplest and least common sponge body form.
Sycon The body wall appears folded (called incurrent canal).
Leucon The most complex sponge body form.
Sponges gain food through what? Filtration, trapping food items by the collar, active transport of nutrients and phagocytosis.
Created by: Katwill678
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