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Sensation & Percep.

TermDefinition
Sensation The activation of receptors in the various sense organs.
Sensory Receptors Specialized forms of neurons; the cells that make up the nervous system.
Sense Organs Eyes, ears, nose, skin, taste buds
Just Noticeable Differences (JND or Difference Threshold) The smallest difference between 2 stimuli that is detectable 50% of the time.
Absolute Threshold The smallest amount of energy needed for a person to consciously detect a stimulus 50% of the time presented.
Sight A candle flame at 30 miles on a clear, dark night.
Hearing The tick of a watch 20 feet away in a quiet room.
Smell One drop of perfume diffused throughout a three-room apartment.
Taste 1 teaspoon of sugar in 2 gallons of water.
Touch A bee's wing falling on the cheek from 1 centimeter above.
Subliminal Perception The process by which subliminal stimuli act upon the unconscious mind, influencing behavior.
Habituation The tendency of the brain to stop attending the constant, unchanging information.
Sensory Adaptation The tendency of sensory receptor cells to become less responsive to a stimulus that is unchanging.
Microsaccades Constant movement of the eyes tiny little vibrations that people do not notice consciously; prevents sensory adaptation to visual stimuli.
Brightness Is determined by the amplitude of the wave - how high or how low the wave actually is. The higher the wave, the brighter the light will be. Low waves are dimmer.
Color or Hue Determined by the length of the wave.
Where Long Wavelengths Are Found At the red end of the visible spectrum (the portion of the whole spectrum of light that is visible to the human eye), whereas shorter wavelengths are found at the blue end.
Saturation Refers to the purity of the color people see; mixing in black or gray would lessen the saturation.
Cornea Clear membrane that covers the surface of the eye; protects the eye and is the structure that focuses most of the light coming into the eye.
Photoreactive Keratectomy (PRK) and Laser-Assisted in Stiukeratomileusis (LASIK) Vision-improving techniques that make small incisions in the cornea to change the focus in the eye.
Aqueous Humor Next visual layer; clear, watery fluid that is continually replenished and supplies nourishment to the eye.
Pupil Hole through which light from the visual image enters the interior of the eye; round muscle (the colored part of the eye) is which the pupil is located.
Iris Round muscle (the colored part of the eye) in which the pupil is located, can change the size of the pupil, letting more or less light into the eye; helps focus the image.
Lens Another clear structure behind the iris, suspended by muscles; finishes the focusing processing begun by the cornea.
Created by: Blissful_Olive
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