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radiology UGI
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the accessory gland? | Salivary gland,pancreas,liver,gallbladder |
| Liver create? | Bile, is the largest solid organs, it located right upper quadrant. It's protected by lower ribs cage |
| The liver are divided how many lobes and what hold it together? | 4 2 major right and left lobe 2 minor quadrate and caudate lobe Falciform ligament |
| The function of the liver? | Bile are aid In the digestion of fats by breakdown fats and absorption of fats |
| What is pancreas? | Creates insulin and combined with the common bile ducts with the bile. The secretion are injected into the duodenum at the sphincter of oddi to help breakdown of fats and sugar with insulin. |
| The structure of liver to duodenum? | Left and right hepatic ducts Common hepatic ducts Common bile ducts Pancreatic ducts duodenum |
| What is gallbladder? | Stores biles until needed is also a variable in position dependent of body habitus. |
| Where is gallbladder located on a hypersthenic patient? | Higher and more lateral |
| Where is the gallbladder located on a asthenic patient? | Lower and midline |
| What is different about the cystic duct? | 3 to 4 cm long and contains several membrane folds along is length. Is spiral valve which functions to prevent a collapsed of cystic duct |
| The 3 parts of the gallbladder? | Fundus,neck,body |
| The function of the gallbladder? | Store bile, concentrate bile, contract when stimulated |
| What is chloelithoasis? | Is the condition of have abnormal calcification or stone in the gallbladder |
| What is Cholecysititis? | Acute or chronic Cholecysititis is inflammation of the gallbladder |
| What is biliary stenosis? | Is a narrowing of one of the biliary ducts |
| What is NPO means? | Nothing by mouth |
| Another name for digestive system? | Alimentary canal |
| The are the 3 function of digestive system? | Intake food, absorb, eliminate waste products |
| What are the 3 parts of pharynx? | Naso- behind the bony nasal septum Oro- behind the oral cavity proper Laryngo- just aabove larynx, but below oro section |
| What is mastication | Chewing movement |
| What is parotid? | Near the war which is the largest of salivary gland, located just anterior to the external ears |
| What is submandibular? | Below mandible or maxilla |
| What is sublingual? | Below the tongue |
| What is deglutition? | Swallowing |
| Where does esophagus start and end? | C6-T11 |
| How man indentations are normal in the esophagus? Why are they there | 2 aortic arch, left primary bronchus as the esophagus descend within the posterior of the mediastinum |
| What the job of epiglottis? | Is depressed to cover the laryngeal opening like a lid the vocal folds or cords also come together to close off the epiglottis |
| What is Peristalsis? | Is a wave like of involuntary muscular contractions that propel and semisolid materials through the tubular alimentary canal |
| The structures passing through the diaphragm? | Esophagus, inferior vena cava, aorta |
| The two ways of getting content from the stomach? | Peristalsis and gravity |
| The difference between rugae and gastric canal? | A rugae when the stomach is empty the internal lining is thrown into numerous longitudinal muscosal folds and gastric canal is a formed by rugae along the leased curvature, funnels fluids directly from the body of stomach to the pylorus. |
| The difference between mechanical and chemical digestion? | Mechanical digestion includes all movements of the gastrointestinal tract, beginning in the oral cavity with chewing and continuing in the pharynx and esophagus with swallowing Chemical all chemical change that food undergoes as it travel through DS |
| What are the 4 sections of the duodenum? | 1. Superior portion begins at the pylori of the stomach(duodenal bulb or cap 2. Descending longest segment( duodenal papilla) 3.horizontal the portion curves back to the left join the final segment 4. ascending portion room duodenum |
| Body habitus? | Hypersthenic- massive Sthenic-average Hyposthenic- slender Asthenic-very slender |
| The three primary functions of digestive system? | 1.Ingestion or digestion take place in the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach and small intestine 2.digestive end products along with waters vitamins, minerals are absorbed In the small intestine 3.unused solid material is eliminated be the larger |
| The different type contrasts? | *Barium (thin 1 part barium 1 part water. thick 3 to 4 part barium 1 part water) *Water soluable *Air crystal |
| Colloidal suspension? | A mixture of barium and water forms |
| What makes a study a double contrast? | Demonstrate gas and barium filled stomach with mucosal folds with barium. Procedures employing both radiolucent (air or gas) and radiopaque (barium) |
| What is a negative and positive contrast? | Positive contrast are barium, gastrogafin,iodine Negative areare air, gas |
| What the difference between thick thin baruim? | |
| RAO | Shows the duodenum bulb and coop in profile |
| PA | Air going to find us and Cloop, body and pylori with barium |
| R LATERAL | Funds with air and body& duodenum with barium show retrogastic space |
| LPO | Funds filled with barium, entire stomach |
| AP | Shows body with air fhndus& C loop with barium |
| Achalasia | |
| Is a motor disorder of the esophagus in which persuasive is reduced along the distal two third of the esophagus | |
| Valsalva manuever | The patient deep breath hold it while beard down trying to move bowel |
| Mueller manuever | The patient exhales and tries to inhale against a closed glottis |
| Anatomic anomalies | May be congenial or may be caused by disease such as cancer of the esophagus |
| Barret esophagus | Is a replacement of the normal squamous epithelium with columnar filled wpithelu9ulcer tissue |
| Carcinoma of the esophagus | Common malignancies of the esophagus |
| Dysphagia | Difficult swallowing |
| Esophageal varices | Are characterized by dilation of the veins on the distal esophagus |
| Foreign bodies | Patients may ingest include a bolus of food me metallic objects and other materials lodgings in the esophagus |
| GeRd | Is entry of gastric contents into esophagus irritating the lining of the esophagus |
| Zenker diverticulum | Us characterized be a lagers outpouching of the esophagus just above the upper esophageal sphincter |
| Bezoar | Mass of undigested material |
| Trichobezoar | Made up of ingested hair |
| Phytobezoar | Ingested vegetables fiber or seed |
| Diverticular | Are pouch like herniation of a portion of the mucosa wall |
| Emesis | Vomitting |
| Gastric carcinoma | 70% of the stomach neoplasm |
| Hiatal hernia | The stomach herniates through the diaphragmatic opening |
| Sliding hiatal hernia | A second type of hernia that is cause weakening of the small muscle |
| Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis | The most common type of gastric obstruction in infants |
| Ulcers | Are erosion of the stomach or duodenal mucosa that caused by various physiological or environmental conditions |
| 4 type of ulcers | Duodenal ulcers Peptic ulcers Gastric ulcer Perforating ulcer |
Created by:
sderival
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