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Arabia & Iraq
a part of the Middle East
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| fossil fuels | oil/natural gas; nonrenewable |
| desalination | removal of salt from sea water |
| desalination plants | provide fresh water for drinking & irrigation |
| civilization | has written language & specialized jobs for workers |
| Mesopotamia | earliest civilization; Tigris & Euphrates river valley |
| Fertile Crescent | region of good cropland where early civilizations grew |
| farming | hunter/gatherers began growing crops & raising animals |
| Sumer | city with government; cuneiform writing; irrigation |
| city-state | small country |
| nomads | no permanent homes; herd animals |
| religion | spiritual beliefs about a god |
| monotheism | worshipping only one god |
| Islam | followers are Muslim |
| monarchy | leadership is passed down in the family |
| constitutional monarchy | limited government |
| absolute monarchy | ruler has unlimited control |
| dictator | leader who seizes control; no voting |
| diverse economy | relies on more than one resource |